量子场论中粒子的相对本体论地位  

Relative Ontological Status of Particles in the Quantum Field Theory

作　　者：郝刘祥 翟宸宇 HAO Liuxiang;ZHAI Chenyu(School of Humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049;Institute of Philosophy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院哲学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2024年第12期34-42,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：文章探讨了量子场论中粒子与场的相对本体论地位问题,特别是从态空间的角度分析了量子场论能否为粒子本体论提供合理基础。文章指出,自由场论的态空间具有福克表示,因此粒子与场具有相同本体论地位的观点具有一定的合理性。对于相互作用场论,尽管其态空间仍具有福克表示,但它与自由场的态空间并不相同,粒子的本体论地位较之自由场的情形要更弱一些。从有效场论的角度来看,场相对于粒子而言更为基本。In this paper,we explore the ontological status of particles and felds in Quantum Field Theory(QFT).We analyze whether QFT can provide a reasonable foundation for particle ontology from the perspective of the state space.In free theories,the quantum states form a Fock space,supporting the view that particles and fields are equally fundamental.But in interacting theories,Haag's theorem implies that although the state space of interacting theories retains a Fock space structure,it is not equivalent to the state space of free theories.The particle ontology is therefore a secondary interpretation.Under the perspective of effective field theory,the field ontology is relatively more fundamental than the particle ontology.

关 键 词：量子场论 本体论 福克表示 哈格定理 有效场论 

分 类 号：O413.3[理学—理论物理] B016[理学—物理]