基于引力模型和AHP的唐山市避难场所综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Refuge in Tangshan City Based on Gravity Model and AHP

作　　者：李文卓 任文硕 张广伟 LI Wenzhuo;REN Wenshuo;ZHANG Guangwei(Department of resource management,Tangshan Normal University,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山师范学院资源管理系,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《城市勘测》2024年第6期49-54,共6页Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：河北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310099008)。

摘　　要：在地震频发的背景下,通过模拟唐山市日间工作、日间休息、夜间休息三个时段下人口分布情况,借助GIS空间分析技术,结合引力模型、高斯函数等研究方法,对研究区域避难场所进行吸引力、拥挤度等因子的评价。最终使用K均值聚类分析对设施点进行综合评价。评价将172个设施点分为四类,结果表明:拥挤度较低,可达性、吸引力较高的一级避险场所为96个,占总体的55.81%。二、三级场所拥挤度略高于1,可达性高、吸引力较高。四级避难场所拥挤度高于2。研究结果对其他城市避难设施综合评价具有参考价值。In the context of frequent earthquakes,by simulating the population distribution in Tangshan City during the three periods of working during the day,resting during the day and resting at night,GIS spatial analysis technology,combined with gravitational model and Gaussian function research methods,was used to evaluate the attractiveness and crowding of the refuge places in the study area.Finally,K-means cluster analysis was used to evaluate the facilities.The evaluation divided 172 facilities into four categories,and the results showed that there were 96 first-class safe havens with low congestion,high accessibility and high attraction,accounting for 55.81%of the total.The crowding degree of the second and third level places is slightly higher than 1,and the accessibility is high and the attractiveness is high.The crowding of Level 4 evacuation places is higher than 2.The research results have reference value for the comprehensive evaluation of other urban refuge facilities.

关 键 词：引力模型 GIS 应急避难设施 可达性 拥挤度 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]