保存南方革命战略支点:论新四军驻平江办事机构的存续及变迁  

Preserve the Strategic Fulcrum of the Southern Revolution:On the Existence and Evolution of the New Fourth Army Liaison Office in Pingjiang

作　　者：李雷波 Li Leibo

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军国防大学政治学院

出　　处：《抗日战争研究》2024年第4期4-19,M0003,共17页Studies of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

摘　　要：湘鄂赣边红军傅秋涛部在与国民党地方当局谈判改编期间,为召集旧部曾在各县先后设立一批临时办事机构。它们最初称“抗日军第一游击支队驻×县办事处(或联络处)”,担负特定区域的联络及统战任务。后为落实中共中央关于“保存南方革命运动战略支点”的指示要求,又被赋予基层组织复建职能。在傅部整编开赴前线之际正式成立的新四军驻平江留守处,已因其党军一体的特殊组织形式,为中共在后方的区域统战与组织发展支起一片合法空间。国民党为建立其在后方的独占地位,自始即致力于拔除此类支点,导致平江留守处面临持续的反共压力。中共虽借留守处合法名义获得一定发展,但随着国民党五届五中全会召开及薛岳主湘,活动空间已日趋逼仄。在平江惨案前留守处被迫改称职能单一的“通讯处”,以求在变局中继续维持。The Red Army unit led by Fu Qiutao in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi border region established a number of temporary offices in a number of counties during the period of negotiation with the KMT's local authorities for reorganization.Initially,they were called"Resistance Army Guerrlla First Brigade Office(or Liaison Office)in×County,"responsible for liaison and united frontline tasks in the designated areas.Later,to implement the Central Committee of the CPC's directive to"preserve the strategic fulcrum of the revolutionary movement in the south,"they were also authorized to rebuild grassroots organizations.When Fu's unit was reorganized and sent to the"front line,"the newly established New Fourth Army Office in Pingjiang,due to its unique Party-Army integrated organizational form,provided a"legal"space for the CPC in"the area behind the frontline"for united front and organizational development.The KMT,aiming to establish its exclusive position in"the area behind the frontline"had been commtted to"removing"such strategic fulcrums from the beginning,leading to continuous anti-communist pressure on the Pingjiang Office.Although the CPC gained some development under the"legal"name of the office,its operational space has become increasingly limited with the convocation of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Commitee of the KMT and the leadership of Xue Yue in Hunan.Before the"Pingjiang Massacre,"it was forced to change its name to a functionally singular"Communications Office"in order to continue to maintain its presence during the changing situation.

关 键 词：新四军 平江留守处 湘鄂赣特委 通讯处 涂正坤 

分 类 号：E297.3[军事—军事理论] D231[政治法律—政治学]