公私合营工业企业股息红利的分配与发放研究(1949-1966)  

Study on the Allocation and Distribution of Dividends in Public-Private Joint Industrial Enterprises(1949-1966)

作　　者：李桂鸽[1] 孙建国[2] LI Gui-ge;SUN Jian-guo(Institute for Central Plain Development,Henan University 450046;Institute of Economics,Henan University 475004)

机构地区：[1]河南大学中原发展研究院,450046 [2]河南大学经济研究所,475004

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2024年第12期117-124,共8页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：上海证券期货文化发展基金会联合研究课题“中国资本市场历史研究”系列课题;上海证券期货文化发展基金会2023年联合研究课题“社会主义革命与建设时期证券史研究”阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：公私合营是资本主义工商业社会主义改造的主要形式,合营企业中,社会主义成分居于领导地位,私股股东权利受到限制。企业的利润分配制度也相应发生变革,从“四马分肥”原则到定股定息,国家逐步限制资本家在利润分配中的比例,最终实现了社会主义的和平改造。国家在利润分配政策的制定中始终贯彻利用、限制、改造民族资本主义的思想,注重保障私股股东的权益。同时,广大民族资本工商业者积极配合党中央政策,运用其所获得的股息、红利资金支持企业发展和国家经济建设,为新中国国民经济的恢复和发展做出了贡献。Public-private partnerships were the primary mechanism for the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in China. These joint enterprises were characterized by a dominant socialist component, with limited rights for private shareholders. The profit distribution system in these enterprises evolved significantly, transitioning from a complex “four-part profit-sharing” model to a simpler fixed dividend structure. Through gradual restrictions on capitalist profit shares, the state achieved a peaceful transition to socialism. In developing profit distribution policies, the government maintained a delicate balance. It sought to utilize, restrict, and transform national capitalism while still protecting private shareholders' interests. Notably, many capitalist industrialists and merchants cooperated with the Central Committee's directives. They reinvested their dividends and profits to support both enterprise growth and national economic development, playing a crucial role in China's economic recovery and advancement during this transformative period.

关 键 词：公私合营 股息红利 利润分配 定息 公债 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]