中国在非洲的国家形象塑造——基于坦桑尼亚主流报纸涉华报道的分析  

Shaping of China's Image in Africa:An Analysis Based on the China-Related Reports in Mainstream Tanzanian Newspapers

作　　者：王强 Wang Qiang(Department for Developing Countries Studies,China Institute of International Studies,Beijing 100005)

机构地区：[1]中国国际问题研究院发展中国家研究所,北京100005

出　　处：《中国非洲学刊》2024年第3期109-135,158,159,共29页JOURNAL OF CHINA-AFRICA STUDIES

摘　　要：国家形象是一国文化软实力、社会价值观、历史传承及意识形态的综合反映,大众传媒在塑造国家形象上发挥着关键作用。本文以坦桑尼亚4份主流报纸为例,分析其涉华报道和评论所呈现的中国国家形象,探究其成因,并思考如何提升中国在非洲媒介上的形象。本文认为,非洲本土媒体一方面重点关注与自身利益直接相关的中非政治、经济关系,另一方面也较为关注中国与美西方大国关系。在中非合作论坛、共建“一带一路”倡议等重要合作机制的引领下,中非友好合作关系日益紧密,这为非洲媒体总体上以积极正面的视角报道中国奠定了坚实基础。然而,西方国家在非洲的传统影响力和西方媒体在国际舆论格局中的优势地位,给中国在非洲塑造可信、可爱、可敬的形象造成较大干扰。宜根据非洲媒体的对华态度、报道方针等分类施策,通过能力建设与人才培养、加强在敏感问题上的交流、推动与中国媒体合作、议题引导等方式做非洲不同媒体工作,持续改善非洲涉华舆论环境,为新时代全天候中非命运共同体建设贡献力量。National image is a comprehensive reflection of a country's cultural soft power,social values,historic heritage and ideology.Mass media plays an important role in shaping a country's image.Taking four mainstream newspapersin Tanzania as examples,this article analyzes China's national image portrayed by African newspapers through the China-related news reports,explores the causes,and discussesthe improvement of China's image in African media.The African newspapers not only pay great atention to China-Africa political and economic relations which have direct bearing on African interests,but also set store by China's relations with the United States and other Western pPowers.With the guidance of important cooperation mechanisms such as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)and the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the friendly cooperation between China and Africa has grown closer,which lays a solid foundation for generally positive news reporting on China by African media.However,Western countries'traditional influence in Africa and Western media's dominant position in global media landscape have created many obstacles for building a credible,friendly and respectable image of China.In the future,China need to classify African media according to their attitudes and editorial policies,and cast influence in differentiated ways,including capacity building,strengthening communication on sensitive issues,promoting cooperation with Chinese media,and providing guidance on topics,so as to continuously improve the China-related public opinions in Africa and contribute to the building of an All-Weather China-Africa Community with a Shared Future for the New Era.

关 键 词：国家形象 坦桑尼亚 主流报纸 对外传播 

分 类 号：D822.34[政治法律—政治学] G212[政治法律—外交学]