原始台语*?b、*?d声母在德宏傣语的反映形式  

Correspondences of Proto-Tai Initials *?b and *?d in Dehong Dai

作　　者：杨光远[1] 刘建琼[1] YANG Guangyuan;LIU Jianqiong

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学南亚东南亚语言文化学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《民族语文》2024年第5期19-28,共10页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中缅泰老越印度六国跨境傣泰语言比较研究(17ZDA317)”的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：李方桂构拟的原始台语*?b、*?d声母在大多数台语支语言中分别表现为b、d声母,而德宏傣族语言文字中均没有b、d声母。本文采用实证的方法,探讨*?b、*?d声母在德宏傣语中的演变历程,认为其演变经历了三个阶段:第一阶段以13世纪的阿洪傣文来证明德宏傣语存在过b、d声母;第二阶段以15世纪《百译馆译语》中的德宏傣文文献来证明b声母变成了m,d声母变成了n;第三阶段m声母在德宏方言的景谷傣语、金平方言以及红金方言的一些傣语中变成了v,德宏方言区n声母变成了l。In most modern Tai languages, the proto-Tai initials *?b and *?d reconstructed by Li Fang-Kuei develop into/b/and/d/respectively, which are absent from both the spoken and written forms of the Dehong dialect, or Dehong Dai, of the Dai language. In this paper, we adopt an empirical method to explore the evolution of the *?b and *?d initials in Dehong Dai. We propose that the evolution of *?b and *?d in Dehong Dai has gone through three stages: in the first stage,they have become b and d initials, which can be attested in the 13th century literature written in the Ahong Dai script;in the second stage, the two proto-initials have further developed into initials m and n, as can be reflected in the 15th century document Baiyiguan Yiyu written in the Dehong Dai script;and in the third stage, the m initial evolves into the v initial in the Jinggu variety of Dehong Dai, Jinping Dai and some varieties of Hongjin Dai, and the n initial becomes the l initial in the dialectal area of Dehong Dai.

关 键 词：原始台语 *?b、*?d声母 德宏傣语 反映形式 

分 类 号：H253[语言文字—少数民族语言]