藏缅语陈述选择复句关联标记特征分析  

Features of Syntactic Markers in Declarative Disjunctive Sentences of Tibeto-Burman Languages

作　　者：范丽君[1] FAN Lijun

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024

出　　处：《民族语文》2024年第5期73-82,共10页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“藏缅语并列结构的类型学研究(17BYY177)”;中国传媒大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识专项项目“藏缅语并列结构的类型比较研究(CUC24ZL05)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章根据关联标记的位置对29种藏缅语(含方言)的陈述选择复句进行归类分析,发现藏缅语陈述选择复句关联标记的位置以双标记模式“G-P,G-Q”为优势模式;在“P-G-Q”模式中,“P-G,Q”应该是较早的模式。藏缅语陈述选择复句关联标记多为多音节词,无同源关系,且意义多与“否定”或“假设”相关。文章认为,关联标记的组成成分越复杂,其功能越单一;关联标记从实语素组合形式向虚词方向发展;藏缅语关联标记模式的多样态势与语言的语序类型有关。In this article, we classify and analyze the declarative disjunctive sentences in twenty-nine Tibetan-Burman languages and dialects according to the positions of the syntactic markers. The doubly-marked type “G-P, G-Q” of disjunctive sentences, wherein G represents the disjunctive marker, P represents the preceding clause and Q represents the following clause, is the dominant pattern of the positions of disjunctive markers. When it comes to the singly-marked type “P-G-Q”, the subtype “P-G, Q” is earlier in existence than “P, G-Q”. The markers of disjunctive sentences in Tibeto-Burman languages are mostly polysyllabic words and non-cognates, which are related to semantic negation or hypothesis. The more complex the disjunctive markers are in composition, the less multifunctional they are. The disjunctive markers develop from compound forms of content morphemes into function words. The diversity of the positioning patterns of disjunctive markers is related to the word order typology of the Tibeto-Burman languages.

关 键 词：藏缅语 选择复句 关联标记 分析型 

分 类 号：H42[语言文字] H2