长江中下游地区凤眼蓝的克隆多样性和遗传结构研究  

Study on the clonal diversity and genetic structure of the Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.)Solms from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：符丽妹 樊香绒[2] 朱红艳[3] 王武超 徐艳琴[1] 陈媛媛[2] Fu Limei;Fan Xiangrong;Zhu Hongyan;Wang Wuchao;Xu Yanqin;Chen Yuanyuan(College of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Aquatic Plant Research Center Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Biology and Brewing Engineering,Taishan University,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,南昌330004 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园水生植物研究中心,武汉430074 [3]泰山学院生物与酿酒工程学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2024年第6期766-773,共8页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82060684)。

摘　　要：水流在水生入侵植物的传播过程中具有重要作用。凤眼蓝(Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.)Solms)是我国危害极大的水生入侵植物。本研究基于AFLP标记,对长江中下游14个凤眼蓝种群(共399个植株)进行了克隆多样性和遗传结构分析,以探究水流对凤眼蓝扩散的影响。结果显示,利用4对AFLP引物,共检测到186个位点,其中56个为多态性位点(占30.11%)。该区域凤眼蓝种群的克隆多样性(D=0.273)和遗传多样性(I=0.011,HE=0.017)均很低,是由于优势的克隆生长而导致。种群间遗传分化很小(GST=0.019);同时AMOVA分析结果表明,1.84%的遗传变异来自于种群间,98.16%来自于种群内部,且14个种群间存在1个共有基因型,说明水流是长江流域凤眼蓝传播的主要媒介。因而,控制水流将极大促进该物种的有效治理。Water flow plays a crucial role in the propagation of aquatic invasive plants.Eichhornia crassipes is a major invasive aquatic plant in China,causing significant harm.Using AFLP markers,this study explored the clonal diversity and genetic structure of 14 E.crassipes populations(comprising 399 individuals)from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Based on four pairs of AFLP primers,186 loci were identified throughout all populations,including 56 polymorphic loci(30.11%).The populations exhibited low clonal diversity(D=0.273)and low genetic diversity(I=0.011,HE=0.017),due to the dominant clonal reproduction system of the species.Genetic differentiation among populations was minimal(GST=0.019).Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)indicated that 1.84%of the genetic variation was attributed to differences among populations,while 98.16%originated from within populations.Additionally,one common genotype was shared by all 14 populations.This study highlighted the significant role of water flow as a primary medium for the dispersal of E.crassipes in the Yangtze River Basin.Therefore,controlling the dispersal of water flow would be a crucial measure for effectively managing the spread of this species.

关 键 词：凤眼蓝 克隆多样性 克隆结构 遗传多样性 长江中下游 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]