性别和叶形对圆柏气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光特征的影响  

Effect of sex and leaf shape on gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in Sabina chinensis(L.)Ant

作　　者：亢红伟 岳康杰 刘慧欣 王佳丽 田旭平[1] Kang Hongwei;Yue Kangjie;Liu Huixin;Wang Jiali;Tian Xuping(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2024年第6期791-799,共9页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2020BQ37)。

摘　　要：为分析性别及叶形对光合能力、能量分配与耗散的影响,本研究以圆柏(Sabina chinensis(L.)Ant.)雌株、雄株和雌雄同株3种个体的鳞叶和刺叶为材料,测定了气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光特性参数和非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的含量。结果显示:雌株和雄株刺叶的净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))、水分利用率(WUE)和NSC显著高于鳞叶;雄株、雌株刺叶的非光化光淬灭系数(NPQ)和光能捕获能力(1/F_(o)−1/F_(m))显著高于鳞叶,最大光化学量子效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、实际电子传递速率(ETR)、实际光化学量子效率(ФPSⅡ)、光化光淬灭系数(qP)、潜在最大电子传递速率(rETRmax)和半饱和光强(Ik)显著低于鳞叶。雌株的P_(n)、NSC、NPQ和1/F_(o)−1/F_(m)显著高于雄株,F_(v)/F_(m)、ETR、qP、rETRmax和Ik显著低于雄株。相关性分析表明,NSC与P_(n)和1/F_(o)−1/F_(m)呈极显著正相关,与ETR呈显著负相关。研究结果表明,圆柏刺叶通过提高光能捕获能力及热散耗能力适应强光照环境,而鳞叶通过提高光能利用效率和光保护机制,能够适应弱光照环境。雌株可通过较强的光合速率获取较多的NSC,从而满足其生长繁殖的需求。This study investigated the effects of sex and leaf morphology on photosynthetic capacity,energy allocation,and dissipation in Sabina chinensis(L.)Ant.The experimental materials included prickly and scaly leaves from female,male,and monoecious plants.Gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics,and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)content were measured.Results showed that prickly leaves from both female and male plants exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),the transpiration rate(T_(r)),the stomatal conductance(G_(s)),water use efficiency(WUE),and NSC compared to scaly leaves.Similarly,the non-photochemical quench(NPQ)and the ability of PSⅡreaction center to trap energy from antenna pigment(1/F_(o)−1/F_(m))were significantly higher in male and female prickly leaves,while maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),the electron transfer rate(ETR),actual photochemical quantum efficiency(ФPSⅡ),photochemical quenching(qP),the highest maximum relative electron transfer rate(rETRmax),and half-saturated light intensity(Ik)were significantly lower in male and female prickly leaves compared to scaly leaves.Among sexes,female plants demonstrated significantly higher P_(n),NSC,NPQ,and 1/F_(o)−1/F_(m)than male plants,while F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,qP,rETRmax,and Ik were significantly lower in females.Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between NSC and both P_(n) and 1/F_(o)−1/F_(m),but a strong negative correlation between NSC and ETR.In conclusion,prickly leaves adapt to high-light environments by improving light energy capture ability and heat dissipation ability,whereas scaly leaves adapt to low-light environments by improving light energy utilization efficiency and light protection mechanisms.The coexistence of prickly and scaly leaves allows S.chinensis to meet the demands for photosynthate production and adapt to varying light conditions during growth and development.Female plants,through higher P_(n),achieve greater NSC content,supporting the requirements

关 键 词：异形叶 光合特性 净光合速率 光能捕获能力 非结构性碳水化合物 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]