孕期运动对高血压大鼠子代脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用  

Protective effects of exercise during pregnancy on brain ischemia-reperfusion injury in offspring of hypertensive rats

作　　者：曹佳琪 倪紫琪 单美玲 刘会敏 石丽君[1,2,3] 张严焱 CAO Jiaqi;NI Ziqi;SHAN Meiling;LIU Huimin;SHI Lijun;ZHANG Yanyan(Department of Exercise Physiology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise,Ministry of Education,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动生理学教研室,北京市100084 [2]国家体育总局运动应激适应重点实验室,北京市100084 [3]北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室,北京市100084

出　　处：《中国动脉硬化杂志》2024年第12期1032-1040,共9页Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32200941、32071174和32371183);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2024YJSY002)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨孕期运动对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)1月龄和3月龄子代大鼠血压及脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。[方法]选取SHR与正常血压(WKY)大鼠,同品系雌雄1∶1配种,以见栓且阴道涂片见精子确定妊娠第1天。孕鼠随机分为孕期安静组(p-WKY-SED组和p-SHR-SED组)和孕期运动组(p-WKY-EX组和p-SHR-EX组)。运动组无负重游泳,60 min/天,6天/周,水深40 cm,水温34~35℃,直至妊娠第20天。监测孕鼠体质量,胎鼠体质量、体长、胎盘效率等生理指标反映胎儿生长发育状况;同时选取子代1月龄与3月龄大鼠为研究对象,测定尾动脉无创血压,线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)模型,观察再灌注24 h后脑梗死面积。[结果](1)与p-WKY-SED组相比,p-SHR-SED组孕期母鼠体质量显著降低(P<0.01);各组孕鼠产仔数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)与p-SHR-SED组相比,孕期运动可明显增加p-SHR-EX组雌性和雄性胎鼠体质量、胎盘效率(P<0.05),降低胎盘质量(P<0.05)。(3)与p-WKY-SED组相比,p-SHR-SED组1月龄、3月龄子代雌性和雄性大鼠体质量显著降低,血压显著升高(P<0.01);与p-SHR-SED组相比,孕期运动对p-SHR-EX组1月龄子代大鼠体质量、血压均无显著影响(P>0.05),但可明显降低p-SHR-EX组3月龄雄性子代大鼠血压(P<0.01);p-WKY-SED组和p-SHR-SED组3月龄雄性子代大鼠体质量、血压均显著高于同组雌性子代大鼠(P<0.01)。(4)与p-WKY-SED组相比,p-SHR-SED组1月龄、3月龄子代雌性和雄性大鼠因MCAO损伤引起的脑梗死面积均显著增加(P<0.01);与p-SHR-SED组相比,孕期运动可明显降低p-SHR-EX组1月龄、3月龄子代雌性和雄性大鼠因MCAO损伤引起的脑梗死面积(P<0.05)。[结论]孕期有氧运动可显著改善高血压大鼠子代成年后血压升高,且可显著降低其对脑缺血再灌注损伤的易感性。Aim Investigating the effects of exercise during pregnancy on blood pressure and brain ischemia-reperfusion injury in 1-month-old(1M)and 3-month-old(3M)offspring of spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).Methods SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats(WKY)were selected,they were paired in a 1∶1 male-to-female ratio within the same strain,and the first day of pregnancy was confirmed by the presence of copulatory plugs and sperm on a vaginal smear.Pregnant rats were randomly divided into pregnancy sedentary group(p-WKY-SED,p-SHR-SED)and pregnancy exercise group(p-WKY-EX,p-SHR-EX).The rats in the exercise group were performed non-weight-bearing swimming for 60 minutes per day,6 days per week,in water 40 cm deep at a temperature of 34~35℃,until the 20th day of pregnancy.The body weight of the pregnant rats,as well as physiological indicators such as fetal weight,body length,and placental efficiency were monitored to reflect the growth and development of the fetus.1M and 3M offspring were selected as research subjects,non-invasive blood pressure was measured in the tail artery,a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was prepared by using the thread embolism method,and the area of cerebral infarction was observed 24 hours after reperfusion.Results(1)Compared with p-WKY-SED group,the body weight of p-SHR-SED pregnant rats was significantly decreased(P<0.01);there was no significant difference in the litter size among all groups of pregnant rats(P>0.05).(2)Compared with p-SHR-SED group,exercise during pregnancy can significantly increase the body weight and placental efficiency of both female and male fetal rats in the p-SHR-EX group(P<0.05),and decrease the weight of the placenta(P<0.05).(3)Compared with p-WKY-SED group,the body weight of both female and male offspring rats at 1M and 3M was significantly decreased in the p-SHR-SED group,and their blood pressure was significantly increased(P<0.01);Compared with p-SHR-SED group,exercise during pregnancy had no significant effect on the body weight and blood pressure of 1M of

关 键 词：孕期运动 高血压 子代 脑缺血再灌注损伤 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学] R741[医药卫生—临床医学]