水田和旱地栽培羊肚菌对土壤微生物及元素含量的影响  

Effects of Morchella spp.Cultivation in Paddy and Dry Land on Soil Microorganisms and Element Contents

作　　者：游萍 李永洪 肖群英 聂鑫 吉庆圆 马玉萍 薛晓辉 YOU Ping;LI Yonghong;XIAO Qunying;NIE Xin;JI Qingyuan;MA Yuping;XUE Xiaohui(School of Ecological Engineering,Guizhou University of Engineering and Technology,Bijie 551700,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection and Restoration of Typical Plateau Wetlands in Guizhou Province,Bijie 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州工程应用技术学院生态工程学院,贵州毕节551700 [2]贵州省典型高原湿地生态保护与修复重点实验室,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2024年第6期78-84,共7页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目(黔教技[2022]069号);贵州省食用菌产学研融合项目(黔菌产学研融合[2022]12号)。

摘　　要：对比了水田和旱地2种模式下羊肚菌栽培不同阶段土壤中可培养功能微生物数量及土壤元素含量的变化。结果显示,水田模式下固氮菌在采收期减少,而氨化细菌和纤维素分解菌在菌霜期和采收期增加;旱地模式下,多数功能微生物在菌霜期数量高于播种期和采收期,但采收期固氮菌、钾细菌等数量显著下降。2种模式下Mg和Zn含量均显著减少;旱地模式下,Cu含量在采收后明显升高,S元素与土壤微生物关系密切,Mg和Zn与微生物的相关系数也相对较高;水田模式下,Zn元素与土壤微生物关系最密切。有目的地补充显著减少的元素可以改善土壤理化性质,恢复土壤微生物种群结构,这可能是减轻或消除连作障碍的有效策略。In this study,the changes in the quantity of culturable functional microorganisms and element contents in soil at different stages of Morchella sp.cultivation in paddy and dry land were compared.The results showed that,under the paddy land mode,nitrogen-fixing bacteria decreased during the harvest period,while ammonifying bacteria and cellulose-decomposing bacteria increased during the frost-like mycelial growth period and harvest period.Under the dry land mode,most functional microorganisms had higher numbers during the frost-like mycelial growth period than during the spawning and harvest periods,but the numbers of nitrogen-fixing bacteria,potassium bacteria and others significantly decreased during the harvest period.Under the two modes,the contents of Mg and Zn significantly decreased.The Cu content significantly increased after the harvest under the dry land mode,and the S element had a close relationship with soil microorganisms,the correlation coefficients between Mg,Zn and microorganisms were relatively high.In the paddy land mode,the Zn element had the closest relationship with soil microorganisms.To address continuous cropping obstacles,purposefully supplementing significantly reduced elements to improve soil physicochemical properties and restore soil microbial population structure,which may be an effective strategy to mitigate or eliminate continuous cropping obstacles.

关 键 词：六妹羊肚菌 连作障碍 土壤功能微生物 土壤矿质元素 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]