马克思无产阶级概念的形成及其革命意义——基于《德法年鉴》时期文本的考察  

Rethinking the Revolutionary Significance of Marx's Concept of the Proletariat:Research based on the Writings from the Period of the German-French Yearbook

作　　者：窦梓绮 Dou Ziqi

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院马克思主义学院,上海200020

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2024年第11期36-41,共6页Studies on Marxist Theory

摘　　要：在马克思早期思想中,无产阶级概念是在政治批判与哲学批判的双重语境中形成的。在政治上,无产阶级不只是推翻资产阶级统治的行动者,从更广泛意义上说,还包括马克思对政治保守主义的清算、对资产阶级自由主义的批判、对激进民主主义的扬弃以及对法国社会主义和共产主义思潮的吸纳。在哲学上,马克思通过对黑格尔法哲学的批判,揭穿了官僚等级的虚假普遍性,确立了无产阶级的真正普遍性,只有无产阶级革命才能根本地扬弃市民社会的分裂立场,使人的解放成为可能。正确理解无产阶级概念及其革命性意义,对于理解马克思的阶级理论、国家学说等,回应错误思潮具有启示意义。Young Marx regarded critique and struggle as the same thing, and the concept of the proletariat was formed in the dual context of political and philosophical critique. Politically, the proletariat was not just an actor in the overthrow of bourgeois rule;the concept had a broader revolutionary meaning, embodying Marx's liquidation of political conservatism, his critique of bourgeois liberalism, his abandonment of radical democracy,and his absorption of French socialist and communist thinking. Philosophically, through his critique of Hegel's philosophy of right, Marx exposed the false universality of the bureaucratic hierarchy and established the true universality of the proletariat, and that only a proletarian revolution could fundamentally renounce the divisive position of civil society and make human emancipation possible.

关 键 词：无产阶级 政治解放 人的解放 市民社会批判 普遍性 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]