冬播对冬性/春性甘蓝型油菜萌发与花期生理生化的影响  

Effects of Winter Sowing on Physiology and Biochemistry at Germination and Flowering of Winter/Spring Brassica napus L.

作　　者：巩永杰 田海燕 魏家萍 崔俊美 武泽峰 董小云 郑国强 王莹 王小霞 刘自刚[1] GONG Yongjie;TIAN Haiyan;WEI Jiaping;CUI Junmei;WU Zefeng;DONG Xiaoyun;ZHENG Guoqiang;WANG Ying;WANG Xiaoxia;LIU Zigang(Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第6期106-114,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：省部共建干旱生境作物国家重点实验室主任基金(GSCS-2021-Z01);甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6NA009);甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(23JRRA1408);甘肃省科技计划项目(23CXJA0001)。

摘　　要：为研究不同冬播期下强冬性/春性甘蓝型油菜萌动种子和花期不遇的问题,以甘肃农业大学提供的2个强冬性甘蓝型油菜和2个春性甘蓝型油菜为材料,于2022年10月至2023年8月在甘肃农业大学试验田进行试验。于2022年10月11日进行冬性油菜秋播,于2022年12月10日开始每隔20 d进行冬性/春性油菜冬播,于2023年2月8日结束冬播。记录开花期,对各冬播播期下冬性/春性油菜萌动种子每隔20 d进行取样,测定其生理生化并对其春化基因(FLC、VRN2、FRI、FT)的表达特性进行分析。结果显示,冬播时冬性/春性甘蓝型油菜花期相差22~34 d;秋播(10月上旬)冬性油菜与春播(3月上旬)春性油菜花期相差4~7 d;秋播(10月11日)冬性油菜与冬播(12月10日、12月30日、1月19日、2月8日)的春性油菜开花时间接近,且花期重叠时间长达15~20 d。随着播期的推迟,冬播油菜萌动种子中FLC、FRI、FT基因相对表达量下调;VRN2基因相对表达量在春化前期下调,春化后期上调。萌动种子中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,可溶性蛋白(SP)、赤霉素(GA3)、水杨酸(SA)含量在春化前期上升,春化后期下降;随着春化时间增加,油菜萌动种子丙二醛(MDA)、脱落酸(ABA)含量呈上升趋势。In order to study the problem of strong winter/spring Brassica napus seed germination and flowering period under different winter sowing dates.Two strong winter rapeseeds and two spring rapeseeds provided by Gansu Agricultural University were used as materials.The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of Gansu Agricultural University from October 2022 to August 2023.The winter rapeseeds was carried out on October 11,2022.The winter/spring rapeseeds was sown every 20 days from December 10,2022,and the sowing ended on February 8,2023.The flowering period was recorded,and the germination seeds of winter rapeseed were sampled every 20 days to determine their physiological and biochemical characteristics and analyze the expression characteristics of vernalization genes(FLC,VRN2,FRI,FT).The results showed that the flowering period of winter/spring rape seeds was different by 22-34 days.The difference of flowering time between autumn sowing and spring sowing was 4-7 days.The flowering time of winter rapeseed in autumn sowing(October 11 th)was close to that of spring rapeseed under different winter sowing dates(December 10th,December 30th,January 19th,February 8th),and the flowering overlap time was as long as 15-20 days.With the delay of the sowing date,the relative expression levels of FLC,FRI and FT genes in germinating seeds of winter sowing were down-regulated.The relative expression of VRN2 gene was down-regulated in the early vernalization and up-regulated in the late vernalization.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and the contents of soluble protein(SP),gibberellin(GA3)and salicylic acid(SA)in germinating seeds were increased in the early vernalization,but those were decreased in the late vernalization.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and abscisic acid(ABA)were increased in rapeseed germinating with the increase of vernalization time.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 花期不遇 萌动种子 春化 生理特性 基因表达特性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]