柴油机机身堆焊修复技术研究  

Study on Welding Repair Technology for Diesel Engine Body

作　　者：杨飞宇 张杰 孙玉波 陆龙 YANG Feiyu;ZHANG Jie;SUN Yubo;LU Long(Naval Equipment Department,Xingping 713105,China;Shaanxi Diesel Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xingping 713105,China)

机构地区：[1]海军装备部,陕西兴平713105 [2]陕西柴油机重工有限公司,陕西兴平713105

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第23期32-38,共7页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：针对船用柴油机机身受撞击变形需修复的情况,开展堆焊焊补方案制定和试验研究。对柴油机拆解清洗后,检测了机身尺寸。对钨极氩弧焊、脉冲冷焊和激光焊接三种工艺进行了对比分析,并对脉冲冷焊和激光焊接进行对比试验,最终确定采用激光焊接方法对变形缸孔及加工基准主轴承座孔进行堆焊。通过焊接特殊过程确认,确定了合理的工艺参数。采用机器人手臂+激光焊接的组合方式,通过工装定位,以数控程序控制焊缝轨迹及间距,使堆焊层焊缝均匀连续。焊后采用超声波时效强化等方法,消除焊接应力,得到合格的堆焊层焊缝,机身焊接变形小,未影响已加工尺寸,实现了机身焊接修复工作。该方法为机加工零件高精度修复提供了指导依据。For the situation that the deformation of a marine diesel engine body due to impact needs to be repaired,the overwelding and repair scheme was formulated and the test research was carried out.After disassembly and cleaning of the diesel engine,the dimensions of the engine body were detected.Three processes of tungsten inert gas welding,pulse cold welding and laser welding were compared and analyzed,and the comparative experiments between the pulse cold welding and laser welding were conducted.Finally,it was determined to use laser welding method to weld the deformed cylinder hole and the machining reference main bearing seat hole.The reasonable process parameters were determined through welding special process validation.The overlay weld was uniform and continuous by using a combination of robot arm and laser welding,fixture positioning and controling the trajectory and spacing of the weld seam with numerical control program.After welding,ultrasonic aging strengthening and other methods were used to eliminate welding stress to obtain qualified weld seams.The welding deformation of the machine body is small,which does not affect the processed dimensions and achieve the welding repair of the body.The method provides guidance for high-precision repair of machined parts.

关 键 词：激光焊接 主轴承座孔 堆焊 焊接机器人 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG455