大气对望远镜像质影响的测量和计算方法进展  

Progress in Measurement and Calculation Methods of Atmospheric Effects on Telescope Image Quality

作　　者：黄善杰 赵劲松[3] 许方宇[2] 王岭雪[1] 宋腾飞[2] 蔡毅[1,2] HUANG Shanjie;ZHAO Jinsong;XU Fangyu;WANG Lingxue;SONG Tengfei;CAI Yi(School of Optics and Photonics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China;Kunming Institute of Physics,Kunming 650216,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学光电学院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院云南天文台,昆明650216 [3]昆明物理研究所,昆明650223

出　　处：《天文学进展》2024年第4期594-617,共24页Progress In Astronomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1931124);云南省自然科学基金(202401AT070140)。

摘　　要：大气湍流引起的望远镜像质衰减是目前限制地基天文望远镜高分辨率观测能力的重要因素,测量和计算大气对望远镜像质的影响是天文技术领域的一个重要研究方向。首先,阐述了光学和非光学方法测量大气对像质影响的理论基础,给出了两种测量方法的代表性技术路线、测量结果和研究进展,深入剖析了这些测量方法的优缺点。然后,综述了计算望远镜内部气流对像质影响的3种方法的基本原理及适用范围,并对这些计算方法的优缺点进行了深入分析。最后,对光学、非光学测量方法和计算方法的技术特点进行对比,并展望了计算方法的未来发展方向。The degradation of telescope image quality caused by atmospheric turbulence is currently an important factor restricting the high-resolution observation capability of ground-based astronomical telescopes.Measuring and calculating the effect of the atmosphere on telescope image quality is an important research direction in the field of astronomical technology.Firstly,the theoretical basis for measuring the effect of the atmosphere on image quality using optical and non-optical methods was elaborated,and representative technical routes,measurement results,and research progress of the two measurement methods were presented.The advantages and disadvantages of these measurement methods were analyzed in depth.Then,the basic principles and applicable ranges of three methods for calculating the effect of the telescope’s internal airflow on the image quality of telescopes were summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages of these calculation methods were analyzed in depth.Finally,the technical characteristics of optical and non-optical measurement methods and computational methods were summarized,and an outlook on the future development direction of calculation methods was provided.

关 键 词：地基天文望远镜 视宁度 Kolmogorov湍流 波前像差 

分 类 号：P111.2[天文地球—天文学]