电阻点焊熔核质量的超声原位监测  

Ultrasonic in-situ monitoring of nugget quality in resistance spot welding

作　　者：赵新玉[1] 陈一淳 张佳莹 ZHAO Xinyu;CHEN Yichun;ZHANG Jiaying(School of Material Science and Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,大连116028

出　　处：《无损检测》2024年第12期1-5,共5页Nondestructive Testing

摘　　要：电阻点焊因易实现自动化焊接等优点而广泛应用于汽车和动车车身制造等领域,传统点焊质量检测主要采用破坏性试验方法,效率较低,仅能通过抽检进行工艺控制。针对上述问题,设计了内嵌超声传感器的水冷电极臂,实现了电阻点焊质量的原位在线监测,然后实时采集焊核融化和凝固过程的超声回波数据,分析超声传播时间与熔核直径的相关性,最后,分析依据超声传播时间评价焊接工艺参数的可行性。试验结果表明,大于有效焊核尺寸时的超声传播时间和焊核直径具有较好线性关系,依据超声传播时间可以判定焊接电流和通电时间等焊接参数对形核大小的影响;该方法可有效监测电阻点焊质量,为焊接工艺控制提供了一种新的手段。Resistance spot welding is widely used in automobile and motor vehicle body manufacture because of the automation.The destructive experiment is inefficient and can only be controlled by sampling.And destructive experiment efficiency is low,can only through sampling process control.To solve these problems,a water-cooled electrode arm with ultrasonic sensors is designed.In situ monitoring of resistance spot welding quality was implemented and real-time acquisition of ultrasonic echo data of nugget melting and solidification was collected.The correlation between time of flight and nugget diameter was analyzed.Furthermore,the validity of welding parameters is evaluated according to the time of flight.The test results show that when the size of the nugget is larger than the effective size,there is a good linear relationship between the ultrasonic propagation time and the nugget diameter.According to the ultrasonic propagation time,the influence of welding parameters such as welding current and energizing time on the size of the nugget can be determined.This method can effectively monitor the quality of resistance spot welding and provides a new means for welding process control.

关 键 词：超声原位监测 电阻点焊 点焊熔核 超声传播时间 

分 类 号：TB553[理学—物理] TG115.28[理学—声学]