曲面复合材料部件的自动相控阵超声检测  

Automatic phased array ultrasonic detection of curved composite parts

作　　者：张佳莹 刘智超 赵新玉[1,2] ZHANG Jiaying;LIU Zhichao;ZHAO Xinyu(School of Material Science and Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China;Dalian XinHaiSheng Technology Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116086,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,大连116028 [2]大连芯海晟科技有限公司,大连116086

出　　处：《无损检测》2024年第12期28-33,共6页Nondestructive Testing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51905070);辽宁省教育厅2021年度科学研究经费项目(LJKZ0492)。

摘　　要：复合材料具有高强度、抗疲劳等优点,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车等领域,但是容易产生分层、脱黏等内部缺陷,因此曲面复合材料部件的质量检测十分重要,而现有的常规手工超声检测方法无法满足曲面复合材料部件的高效、高精度检测需求。针对这一问题,提出基于轮式相控阵超声的自动化检测技术,首先用激光轮廓仪采集曲面复合材料部件的三维轮廓点云数据,然后将点云数据拼接筛选后用最小二乘法曲面拟合算法获得曲面方程,最后基于曲面方程进行检测轨迹的规划并对每个轨迹点计算位姿,对位姿反解获得龙门和机械手各轴插补角度,实现自动扫描检测。试验结果表明,相控阵超声可实现曲面复合材料部件的C扫描检测,C扫描图像可清楚反映分层缺陷。Composite materials are widely used in aerospace,automobile,and other industries due to significant advantages of high strength and fatigue resistance.However,composite materials often contain internal defects such as delamination and debonding,making quality inspection crucial for curved composite parts.It is difficult for traditional manual ultrasonic detection methods to inspect these defects efficiently and accurately.To address the challenge,an automatic detection technology based on wheeled ultrasonic phased array is proposed in this paper.Initially,3D contour point cloud data of curved composite parts are collected using a laser profilometer.Subsequently,the point cloud data undergo splicing and screening processes,followed by applying a least squares surface fitting algorithm to obtain the surface equation.The surface equation is then used to plan the detection trajectory and calculate the position and orientation of each trajectory point.the position and orientation data of each trajectory point are decomposed to derive the Interpolation angles for each axis for the gantry structure and the manipulator.Finally,enabling the implementation of automatic scanning and detection.The C-scan inspection experiment of curved composite components shows that the C-scan images can clearly reflect delamination defects.

关 键 词：曲面复合材料部件 自动化检测 轨迹算法 轮式相控阵超声 

分 类 号：TB553[理学—物理] TG115.28[理学—声学]