大型地下厂房围岩稳定性及支护措施研究  

Research on the Stability and Support Measures of the Surrounding Rock of Large-scale Underground Powerhouse

作　　者：任家辰 张辉 任旭华[1] 张继勋[1] 朱代富 陆嘉伟 REN Jiachen;ZHANG Hui;REN Xuhua;ZHANG Jixun;ZHU Daifu;LU Jiawei(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu,China;PowerChina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited,Changsha 410014,Hunan,China;Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210024 [2]中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410014 [3]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海230031

出　　处：《水力发电》2025年第1期74-80,共7页Water Power

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(B2202040-01);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AF080001)。

摘　　要：为研究大跨度、高边墙地下厂房开挖过程中出现的围岩稳定性问题及不同支护措施效果,以西南地区某大型水电站工程为例,采用三维非线性有限元法分析地下厂房围岩稳定性,并建立三维地质模型,对比分析不同支护工况下地下厂房围岩变形、应力变化及塑性区的分布规律。结果表明:洞室顶拱、底板及拐角处易产生应力集中现象,洞室开挖面切割出的岩体存在塑性损伤的风险;相较于无支护措施开挖,采取支护措施后,不同工况下地下厂房围岩变形量、应力集中现象以及塑性区分布均有不同程度的减少;喷混凝土层+锚杆+预应力锚索系统支护的效果最为显著,对围岩变形和损伤的控制作用优于锚杆+预应力锚索支护和喷混凝土层支护。In order to study the surrounding rock stability problems and the effect of different support measures in the excavation process of large-span,high sidewall underground powerhouse,this paper takes a large hydropower station project in Southwest China as an example,and uses the three-dimensional nonlinear finite element method to analyze the surrounding rock stability of underground powerhouse.The three-dimensional geologic model is established,and the deformation of surrounding rock of underground powerhouse,the change of stress and the distribution law of plastic zone under different support conditions are compared.The results show that,(a)the top arch,bottom plate and corners of the chamber are prone to stress concentration phenomenon,and there is a risk of plastic damage in the blocks cut out of the excavated surface of the chamber;(b)compared with the excavation without support measures,the deformation amount,stress concentration phenomenon and plastic zone distribution of the underground powerhouse after taking support measures are all reduced to different degrees;and(c)the support of sprayed concrete layer+anchor+prestressed anchor cable system has the most significant effect,which is better than that of anchor+prestressed anchor cable support and sprayed concrete layer support in controlling the deformation and damage of surrounding rock.

关 键 词：地下厂房 围岩稳定性 支护措施 变形 应力集中 塑性损伤 有限元法 

分 类 号：TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]