冷却塔气水比对冷却水系统运行的影响分析研究  

The Influence and Analysis of Air-water Ratio of Cooling Tower on the Operation of Cooling Water System

作　　者：孙林娜 魏俊辉 刘启明[1] 褚赛 许抗吾 Sun Linna;Wei Junhui;Liu Qiming;Chu Sai;Xu Kangwu(Beijing Geotechnical Institute,Beijing,100038)

机构地区：[1]北京市勘察设计研究院有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2024年第6期782-790,共9页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：目前空调水系统节能是建筑行业内较为普遍的有效手段之一,冷却侧系统节能是其中的重要组成部分。探讨并分析了冷却塔冷却原理,其中外界湿球温度及逼近度是影响冷却塔效率的决定性因素,逼近度范围在3~5℃是经济合理的。通过对冷却塔系统运行工况的热工计算分析,气水比与冷却塔特性数及冷却数息息相关,也是决定冷却塔出水温度的重要因素。通过进一步研究气水比与冷却塔特性数及冷却数的关系发现,考虑到冷却塔的经济性,常规冷却水系统设计工况下的气水比经济适用范围为0.8~1.0,若同时考虑到系统运行可靠性及经济性,建议冷却塔特性数不低于0.8,同时气水比不高于1.2。冷却侧系统制定运行策略时需考虑冷却塔空气流量及冷却水流量的敏感变化区间,实现高效调节,避免能源的无效浪费。At present,the energy saving of air conditioning water system is one of the most common and effective means in the construction industry,and the energy saving of cooling side system is an important part of it.This paper discusses and analyzes the cooling principle of cooling tower,in which the wet bulb temperature and approximation degree are the decisive factors affecting the efficiency of cooling tower,and the approximation degree range of 3~5℃is economical and reasonable.Through the thermal calculation and analysis of the cooling tower system operating conditions,the gas-water ratio is closely related to the cooling tower characteristic number and cooling number,and is also an important factor to determine the cooling tower outlet temperature.Through further research on the relationship between gas-water ratio and cooling tower characteristic number and cooling number,it is found that considering the economy of cooling tower,the economic application range of gas-water ratio under the design condition of conventional cooling water system is 0.8~1.0.If the reliability and economy of the system are taken into account,it is recommended that the characteristic number of cooling tower should not be less than 0.8,and the gas-water ratio should not be higher than 1.2.When formulating the operation strategy of the cooling side system,it is necessary to consider the sensitive variation interval of the cooling tower air flow and cooling water flow to achieve efficient regulation and avoid ineffective waste of energy.

关 键 词：冷却水 逼近度 气水比 冷却塔特性数 冷却数 冷却水 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]