基于流固耦合的不同叶片数离心泵水力特性及结构力学性能对比研究  

Comparative Study on Hydraulic Characteristics and Structural Mechanical Performance of Centrifugal Pumps with Different Blade Numbers Based on Fluid Structure Coupling

作　　者：张佳妮 Zhang Jiani(Shanghai Institute of Quality Supervision and Inspection Technology,Shanghai,200072)

机构地区：[1]上海市质量监督检验技术研究院,上海200072

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2024年第6期800-806,共7页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：离心泵作为一种把机械能转换为流体动能的通用机械,广泛应用于日常的生产生活。叶片数对离心泵内部流场的影响对于保障离心泵稳定、高效和安全运行至关重要。数值模拟方法能够在实验难以完成的条件下获得离心泵的性能预测。现对叶片数为5和6的常用离心泵进行三维定常数值模拟研究,获得了离心泵的外特性及静压分布。结果表明:两种叶片数离心泵的外特性曲线趋势基本相同,在设计流量点下,6叶片离心泵内部流场更加均匀,其扬程增加了8.6%,轴功增加了7.5%,而效率降低了2.5%。两组离心泵方案的流固耦合数值模拟结果对比发现,最大位移发生在叶轮和轴承处。不同叶片数对泵整体结构的应力和形变影响较小,均符合强度要求。As a universal machinery that converts mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy,centrifugal pumps are widely used in daily production and life.The influence of blade number on the internal flow field and characteristics of centrifugal pumps is particularly important to ensure stable,efficient,and safe operation of centrifugal pumps.The use of numerical simulation methods can obtain performance predictions of centrifugal pumps under conditions where experiments are difficult to complete.A three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation study was conducted on centrifugal pumps with 5 and 6 blade numbers,and the external characteristics and static pressure distribution of the centrifugal pump were obtained.The results indicate that the trend of the external characteristic curve of centrifugal pumps with different blade numbers is roughly the same.At the design flow point,when the number of blades is 6,the pump head increases by 8.6%,shaft power increases by 7.5%,and efficiency decreases by 2.5%.The increase in the number of blades makes the flow field inside the centrifugal pump more uniform,and the optimal number of blades obtained in this study is 6.When comparing the numerical simulation results of fluid structure coupling between two centrifugal pump schemes,it was found that the maximum displacement occurred at the impeller and bearing.The influence of different blade numbers on the stress and deformation of the overall structure of the pump is minimal,and it still meets the strength requirements.

关 键 词：离心泵 流固耦合 叶片数量 水力特性 结构力学性能 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]