高桩码头区域波流耦合泥沙冲淤模拟及动力特性分析——以宁波穿山港为例  

Simulation and dynamic characteristics analysis of wave-current coupled sediment scouring and silting in high-pile wharf zones:a case study of Ningbo Chuanshan Port

作　　者：李立杰 张一鸣[1] 李薇[1] 胡鹏[1] LI Lijie;ZHANG Yiming;LI Wei;HU Peng(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第6期95-107,共13页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12272349);浙江省十四五重点研发计划资助项目(202103014)。

摘　　要：建立了水沙床全耦合的波流耦合数学模型,以探究近海码头区域波流共同作用下动力地貌演变。根据码头区域和码头附近海域实测数据对模型进行了潮位、流速和淤积速率/含沙量验证,验证结果较吻合。分析了码头区域的水动力和泥沙输移特性,揭示了常态条件下码头的群桩阻流特性及后方回淤机理,探究了极端条件下码头的冲淤演变规律。模拟结果表明:码头区域潮汐动力作用显著,在常态天气下是码头冲淤的主要控制因素,冲刷主要发生于涨潮期,淤积主要受落潮期控制;台风天气下,强波流相互作用可能导致码头区域短期内剧烈冲淤,台风期间,码头下方强烈冲刷,后方轻微冲刷,台风后,码头逐渐回淤;码头群桩显著影响码头区域的水沙动力及地形冲淤过程,群桩阻力降低潮流动力强度,码头区域淤积增强。A comprehensive wave-current coupled mathematical model integrating hydrodynamic,sediment transport,and morphodynamic was developed to investigate the morphodynamic evolution under the combined influence of waves and currents in the nearshore wharf areas.The model was validated with observed data on tidal levels,flow velocities,and sedimentation rates/sediment concentrations in the wharf region and its adjacent marine areas,showing substantial agreement.The study analyzed the hydrodynamics and sediment transport characteristics of the wharf area,revealing the normal condition pile group’s flow-blocking features and back-siltation mechanisms behind the wharf,and explored the scouring and silting evolution under extreme conditions.Analysis of simulation results indicates that tidal dynamics play a significant role in controlling the scouring and silting processes in the wharf area under normal weather conditions,with scouring primarily occurring during the rising tide and silting mainly regulated by the ebbing tide.During typhoon conditions,intense wave-current interactions may cause drastic scouring and silting in the wharf area.Specifically,during a typhoon,there is intense scouring beneath the wharf and minor scouring behind it,followed by gradual siltation after the typhoon.The wharf’s pile groups significantly influence the hydro-sedimentary dynamics and topographical changes,where the pile group’s resistance reduces the tidal current’s strength,enhancing sedimentation in the wharf area.

关 键 词：地形冲淤 波流耦合 泥沙输移 数值模拟 群桩阻流特性 

分 类 号：P753[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]