珠江口及其近海陆架对台风“暹芭”的响应  

Responses of the Pearl River Estuary and its adjacent coastal ocean to Typhoon Chaba

作　　者：池典赐 崔永生 张光 徐天平 龚文平 CHI Dianci;CUI Yongsheng;ZHANG Guang;XU Tianping;GONG Wenping(Guangdong Provincial Marine Development Planning and Research Center,Guangzhou 510060,China;School of Marine Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省海洋发展规划研究中心,广东广州510060 [2]中山大学海洋科学学院,广东珠海519082 [3]广东省海洋资源与近海工程重点实验室,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第6期120-135,共16页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC42276169);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2021A1515011637)。

摘　　要：台风是一种典型的极端天气过程,往往引发风暴潮、巨浪和强降水,对河口与近海陆架水动力及泥沙输运产生重要影响。以2022年台风“暹芭”为例,采用波-流-泥沙耦合的COAWST(coupled ocean-atmosphere-waves-sediment transport)模型系统,模拟了台风登陆前后珠江口及其近海陆架的动力过程。通过将台风期间与常况下的珠江口及其近海陆架的水动力与泥沙输运过程进行对比,量化了台风对珠江口及近海陆架的温盐、海流、波浪、悬沙浓度以及海底冲淤的影响。结果表明,台风“暹芭”期间近海的波浪作用显著增强,加强了水体的混合,使得底切应力增大,进而增强了河口湾与近海海底泥沙再悬浮。大幅增高的悬沙浓度和海流的增强引发了较强的泥沙输运和辐聚辐散,导致海底地形发生剧烈的冲淤变化。研究旨在加深对极端事件如何影响河口和近海陆架的水动力和泥沙输运过程的理解。Typhoons are typical extreme weather events that often trigger storm surges,strong waves and heavy rainfall,significantly impacting the hydrodynamics and sediment transport in estuaries and coastal seas.This study uses the 2022 Typhoon Chaba as a case study to simulate the dynamic processes of the Pearl River Estuary and its adjacent coastal ocean before and after the typhoon’s landfall,employing the COAWST(coupled ocean-atmosphere-waves-sediment transport)modelling system.By comparing the hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes of the Pearl River Estuary and its adjacent coastal ocean during the typhoon with those under normal conditions,the study quantifies the effects of the typhoon on temperature,salinity,ocean currents,waves,suspended sediment concentration,and seabed erosion and deposition.The results indicate that during Typhoon Chaba,the wave action in the offshore area significantly intensified,enhancing water mixing and increasing bottom shear stress,thereby strengthening the resuspension of seabed sediments in the estuary and offshore areas.The substantially elevated suspended sediment concentration and strong currents triggered intense sediment transport and convergence-divergence,leading to dramatic changes in seabed topography.This study aims to deepen understanding of how extreme events affect the hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes in estuaries and coastal areas.

关 键 词：台风 泥沙输运 海底冲淤 COAWST模拟系统 珠江口 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]