浪流作用下多船并排锚泊运动量和锚泊力研究  

Study on the motion and anchoring force of multiple vessels moored side by side under wave and current action

作　　者：孙一艳[1] 熊玉章 李醒[1] 于德双 王刚[1] 刘昌凤 SUN Yiyan;XIONG Yuzhang;LI Xing;YU Deshuang;WANG Gang;LIU Changfeng(Fisheries Engineering Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China;College of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院渔业工程研究所,北京100141 [2]大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第6期147-158,共12页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021HY-ZC001);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2023TD88)。

摘　　要：采用物理模型试验方法,对波浪和水流单独和联合作用下,小尺度渔船单船艏艉锚泊和多船并排艏艉锚泊时各船的运动量和锚泊力进行研究,重点分析了90°横浪横流和0°顺浪顺流两个方向锚泊时流对各船运动量和锚泊力的影响程度。研究结果表明,90°浪流作用时单船的横摇角度同纯浪作用时相比减少30%~60%,多船时各船横摇角度减少10%~70%;当波浪入射周期接近单船横摇周期时,浪流作用下单船的锚泊力约为纯浪作用结果的1.11倍,且随着波浪入射周期的继续增大,流的影响明显增大。0°浪流作用时,并排锚泊渔船各船的纵摇角度同纯浪作用相比减少20%~40%,而各船锚泊力则为纯浪作用结果的1.6~10.0倍,但仍小于90°浪流作用时的对应值。因此,当港内存在浪流同向作用时,建议尽量以0°方向并排锚泊渔船;如果确需90°方向锚泊时,应加强迎浪侧和背浪侧渔船的缆绳强度并关注背浪侧渔船的运动量情况。By employing physical model experiments,this study investigates the motion and anchoring force of small-scale fishing vessels during single-vessel bow-stern mooring and multiple vessels moored side by side under the individual and combined effects of waves and currents.It specifically analyzes the impact of currents on the motion and anchoring force of each vessel in two directions:90°cross wave and current and 0°along wave and current.The results reveal that under the action of 90°wave and current,the rolling angle of a single vessel decreases by approximately 30% to 60% compared to pure wave action;for multiple vessels,the reduction in rolling angle varies from 10% to 70%.When the wave incident period is close to the single vessel’s rolling period,the anchoring force under wave-current action is about 1.11 times that of pure wave action,and as the period increases,the influence of the current becomes more significant.Under 0°wave-current action,the pitch angle of vessels moored side by side compared to pure wave action is reduced by about 20% to 40%,whereas the anchoring force is about 1.6 to 10.0 times that of pure wave action,but still less than the corresponding value under 90°wave-current action.Therefore,when there is co-directional wave-current action in the harbor,it is advised to moor the fishing vessels side by side in the 0°direction;if mooring in the 90°direction is necessary,the strength of the mooring ropes on the wave-facing and wave-lee sides should be reinforced,and attention should be given to the motion of the vessels on the wave-lee side.

关 键 词：多船并排锚泊 物理模型试验 浪流单独和联合作用 运动量 锚泊力 

分 类 号：TV139.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]