暗夜社区功能照明对近人尺度观星清晰度的影响  

The Impact of Nighttime Community Functional Lighting on the Clarity of Stargazing at Human Scale

作　　者：张焱 梁衡易 杨彪 ZHANG Yan;LIANG Hengyi;YANG Biao(School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;School of Architecture and Engineering,Yan’an University,Yan’an 716000,China;Guangzhou BASIS International School,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)建筑学院,广东深圳518055 [2]延安大学建筑工程学院,陕西延安716000 [3]广州贝赛思国际学校,广东广州510000

出　　处：《照明工程学报》2024年第6期117-124,共8页China Illuminating Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078161);陕西省科学技术协会青年人才托举计划项目(20220447);广东省本科高校教学质量与教学改革工程项目(HITSZUQP21002)。

摘　　要：在打造适合暗夜星空旅游的暗夜保护区时,既要保证观星游客基本的安全性保障的功能照明,又要能避免周边功能照明对观星活动造成的干扰光(微观光污染)。本研究通过在深圳西涌国际暗夜社区开展的实地实验,在近人尺度上以仪器测量灯具在视野内的高度角和客观周围环境光参数,并通过现场问卷获得目视所见夜空观星清晰度数据,旨在定量评估及预测观星区域功能照明及其光分布对观星视觉任务的干扰。数据分析结果表明:观星清晰度与天空测量仪(Sky Quality Meter,SQM)测得的天空亮度相关性最高,观星清晰度受在近人尺度观星视野内灯具高度角的影响,且双灯(多灯)在视野内的叠加效应表现为单灯的线性叠加。本研究成果可为暗夜天空在近人尺度上的观测评级方法提供支持,为观星选址提供定量依据,为促进天文类暗夜保护区观星旅游活动提供参考。When creating a dark sky reserve suitable for stargazing tourism,it is essential to ensure functional lighting that guarantees the basic safety of stargazing visitors while also minimizing the interference from surrounding functional lighting,which could contribute to light pollution(micro light pollution).This study conducts field experiments at the Xichong International Dark Sky Community in Shenzhen,China.It measures the height angle of the luminaires in the field of view and the surrounding environmental light parameters at a human scale using instruments.In addition,data on the clarity of the night sky as seen by the human eye is collected through on-site questionnaires,aiming to quantitatively evaluate and predict how the functional lighting and its light distribution in the stargazing area interfere with visual tasks related to stargazing.The data analysis results reveal that stargazing clarity has the highest correlation with the sky brightness measured by the Sky Quality Meter(SQM).Stargazing clarity is influenced by the elevation angle of lighting fixtures within the stargazing field of view at human scale.Additionally,the cumulative effect of multiple lights(such as two or more fixtures)in the field of view behaves as a linear superposition of individual luminaire.The findings of this study can support the development of observational rating methods for dark sky areas at the human scale,provide quantitative criteria for selecting stargazing locations,and offer valuable reference for promoting stargazing tourism activities in astronomical dark sky reserves.

关 键 词：光污染 暗夜社区 天文观测 天空亮度 

分 类 号：TM923[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]