土壤改良材料对绿竹笋产量及矿质元素的影响  

Effect of Soil Amendment Materials on Yield and Mineral Elements in Bambusa oldhamii Shoots

作　　者：吴承文 WU Chengwen(Youxi Forestry Science and Technology Extension Center,Youxi 365100,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]尤溪县林业科技推广中心,福建尤溪365100

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2024年第4期71-75,81,共6页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(闽[2022]TG20号);福建省林业科技计划项目(闽林科便函[2019]16号)。

摘　　要：通过绿竹笋用林生物质炭、熟石灰和有机酸3种土壤改良材料的施用,测定笋产量及主要矿质元素含量。结果表明,生物质炭、熟石灰、有机酸处理促进了笋产量的提高,单位面积笋产量分别达到7.8~8.5、6.8~7.0、9.5~10.2 t·hm^(-2),相较于CK处理平均值分别提高24.2%、4.5%、48.5%;其中以有机酸处理效果最好,单位面积笋产量、笋数量、最大单体重和最大单体直径分别达到9.8 t·hm^(-2)、2.3万个·hm^(-2)、601 g和8.7 cm。3种土壤改良材料也显著影响绿竹笋的矿质营养元素含量,生物质炭、熟石灰、有机酸处理竹笋Ca、Mn、Zn平均含量均显著提高(P<0.05),Si、Fe含量均显著降低(P<0.05),Mg、Cu含量变化不显著(P>0.05);其中熟石灰处理竹笋Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn平均含量最高,分别为1.38 g·kg^(-1)、1.45 g·kg^(-1)、12.5 mg·kg^(-1)、93 mg·kg^(-1),相对于CK处理分别提高58.6%、3.6%、1.6%、25.7%;有机酸处理竹笋Mn含量最高,为124 mg·kg^(-1),比CK、生物质炭和熟石灰处理分别提高26.5%、6.9%、3.3%。The study was conducted to determine shoot yield and major mineral element contents through the application of three soil amendment materials,namely,biomass charcoal,slaked lime and organic acid,in Bambusa oldhamii shoot forests.The results showed that biomass charcoal,slaked lime and organic acid treatments increased the shoot yield per unit area to 7.8~8.5,6.8~7.0,9.5~10.2 t·hm^(-2),respectively,which were 24.2%,4.5%and 48.5%higher compared to the mean values of CK treatment,respectively.The organic acid treatment was the most effective,with the yield of shoots per unit area,the number of shoots per unit area,the maximum single weight and the maximum single diameter reaching 9.8 t·hm^(-2),23,000 shoots·hm^(-2),601 g and 8.7 cm,respectively.The three soil amendment materials also significantly affected the mineral nutrient content of B.oldhamii shoots,with biomass charcoal,slaked lime,and organic acid treatments of bamboo shoots significantly increasing(P<0.05)the mean Ca,Mn,and Zn content,significantly decreasing(P<0.05)Si and Fe content,and insignificantly changing(P>0.05)the Mg and Cu content of the bamboo shoots.The slaked lime treated bamboo shoots had the highest average Ca,Mg,Cu and Zn contents of 1.38g·kg^(-1),1.45 g·kg^(-1),12.5 mg·kg^(-1)and 93 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,which were increased by 58.6%,3.6%,1.6%,and 25.7%,respectively,relative to the CK treatment.Organic acid treatment gave the highest Mn content of 124 mg·kg^(-1)in bamboo shoots,which was 26.5%,6.9%and 3.3%higher than CK,biomass charcoal and slaked lime treatments,respectively.

关 键 词：绿竹 土壤 笋产量 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S795.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.6[农业科学—林学]