专业化与规范化:近代在华美国教会医院的设计转型  

Specialization and Standardization:Transformation of American Missionary Hospital Design in Modern China

作　　者：彭长歆[1,2] 成玲萱 PENG Changxin;CHENG Lingxuan

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]华南理工大学亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室

出　　处：《建筑师》2024年第6期66-78,共13页The Architect

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项(21VJXT011)“广州一口通商时期东西方建筑文化交互影响研究”。

摘　　要：随着医学科学与诊疗技术的进步,20世纪初的医疗空间渐趋集约化与专业化,早期由医生“建筑师”主导的设计模式已经无法满足医院的综合性医疗需求。得益于新理念的引入与设计主体的专门化,在华美国教会医院率先开启了专业化与规范化的转型。在基金会、从业者和设计者的多方协同下,在华美国教会医院的空间实践既体现了美国本土设计在中国的调适,也反映出近代以来全球医院建筑设计知识的流动。With the advancement of medical science and technology,the medical space in the early 20th century has tended to intensification and specialization,and the early design mode dominated by the doctor-architects has been unable to meet the comprehensive medical needs of hospital.With the introduction of new ideas and the professionalization of designers,the American missionary hospitals in China firstly embarked the transformation of specialization and standardization.Under the concurrent cooperation of foundations,practitioners and designers,the design practice of American missionary hospital in China embodies both the adaptation of American hospital design in China and the global flows of modern hospital-design knowledge.

关 键 词：中国近代建筑 教会建筑 医疗建筑 现代转型 

分 类 号：TU-201[建筑科学]