有机建筑之源--弗兰克·弗内斯建筑思想及其作品解读  

The Source of Organic Architecture:Frank Furness’Architectural Thought and Interpretation of His Works

作　　者：童乔慧[1] 吴昕彦 卫薇 王存颂 TONG Qiaohui;WU Xinyan;WEI Wei;WANG Cunsong

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院 [2]武汉大学 [3]武汉设计咨询集团有限公司

出　　处：《建筑师》2024年第6期90-98,共9页The Architect

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目《基于红色基因传承的湖北省校园文化遗产数字信息平台构建与创意展示系统研究》(项目号:2023BAB023),湖北省科技厅,2023-2025。

摘　　要：弗兰克·弗内斯是19世纪美国的著名建筑师,他设计的建筑种类繁多、数量庞大,启发了许多的现代主义大师。弗内斯基于先验文化创造了因地制宜、因陋就简的建筑风格,为当时还停留于对欧洲建筑模仿阶段的美国建筑开辟了新领域,为有机建筑开启了创作历程,同时影响了美国有机建筑大师沙利文和赖特。本文以美国建筑师弗内斯为学术研究视角,重新审视19世纪前后建筑师对复古思潮的抵抗以及地域建筑的探索,重点考察弗内斯对风土建筑发展的推动和对有机建筑的影响,以期为我国当代地域建筑发展带来新的启示。Frank Furness was a prominent nineteenth-century American architect who designed a wide variety and a number of buildings that inspired many of the masters of modernism.Furness created a style of architecture based on a transcendentalist culture that was adapted to local conditions and simplicity,opening up a new fron-tier for American architecture,which was still in the stage of imitating European architecture,and initiating the creative process of organic architecture,influencing both Sullivan and Wright,the masters of American organic ar-chitecture.This paper takes the American architect Furness as the perspective of academic research,re-examining the resistance of architects to the retro trend and the exploration of regional architecture around the nineteenth century,focusing on Furness’contribution to the development of vernacular architecture and its impact on organ-ic architecture.with a view to bringing new inspiration to the development of contemporary regional architecture in China.

关 键 词：弗内斯 有机建筑 功能主义 先验文化 风土建筑 

分 类 号：TU-024[建筑科学—建筑理论]