北京城市绿地节肢动物多样性与微环境因子关系  

Relationship between diversity of arthropods and microenvironmental factors in urban green spaces of Beijing

作　　者：王琦[1] 任斌斌 王月宾 邵金丽 李薇 王建红 温俊宝[1] WANG Qi;REN Binbin;WANG Yuebin;SHAO Jinli;LI Wei;WANG Jianhong;WEN Junbao(National Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ecological Function Evaluation and Regulation Technology for Landscape and Green Space,Beijing Academy of Landscape and Greening Sciences,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京市园林绿化科学研究院园林绿地生态功能评价与调控技术北京市重点实验室,北京100102

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2024年第6期161-170,共10页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(3180060,32171848);新疆生产建设兵团财政科技计划项目(KC015214);国家林草局科技推广项目(京[2022]TG06);北京市园林绿化科学研究院开放课题(STZD202403)。

摘　　要：为厘清节肢动物多样性与绿地微环境因子间关系,进而促进城市绿地生物多样性,利用截获器法采集了北京市三环内6个中小型公园的节肢动物种群,应用Pearson相关性分析方法、回归分析、主成分分析探究节肢动物及其天敌多样性与绿地微环境因子间的关系。结果显示:节肢动物中蚜科为优势科,占总多度的52.12%;食蚜天敌昆虫中菜蚜茧蜂Semidalis rapae、广重粉蛉Diaeretiella aleyrodiformis为优势种,分别占总多度的27.73%和23.92%;天敌多度、丰度、香农-维纳指数在不同样地间差异显著。相关分析表明花期植物面积、丰度和香农-维纳指数与节肢动物多度(P<0.001)、食蚜天敌昆虫丰度(P<0.001)及多度(P<0.001)呈显著正相关,与节肢动物香农-维纳指数呈显著负相关(P<0.001),施药频次和施药剂量比与节肢动物多度呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。主成分分析结果显示施药剂量比、花期植物面积、施药频次、花期植物均匀度、花期植物香农-维纳多样性和花期植物丰度是影响绿地节肢动物科多样性的主要微环境因子。RDA分析结果显示花期植物面积、均匀度、香农-维纳多样性和丰度与节肢动物及食蚜天敌昆虫的多度显著正相关,与节肢动物多样性显著负相关。The interceptor collection method was used to collect arthropod communities from six small and medium-sized parks within the third ring road of Beijing to study the relationship between the diversity of arthropods and microenvironmental factors in urban green spaces and promote the stability of ecosystems in urban green spaces.Pearson correlation analysis,regression analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA)were used to analyze the relationship between the diversity of arthropods and their natural enemies and the microenvironmental factors in urban green spaces.The results showed that Aphididae was the dominant family in arthropods,accounting for 52.12%of the total abundance.Diaeretiella rapae and Semidalis aleyrodiformes were the dominant species of aphidophagus predator insects,accounting for 27.73%and 23.92%of the total abundance,respectively.There were significant differences in the richness,abundance,and Shannon-Wiener index of predator insects among different plots.The areas,richness and Shannon Wiener index of flowering plants were significantly positively correlated with the abundance of arthropods(P<0.001),the richness(P<0.001)and the abundance(P<0.001)of aphidophagus predator insects,and significantly negatively correlated with the Shannon Wiener index of arthropod communities(P<0.001).The frequency and dosage ratio of pesticide application were significantly positively correlated with the abundance of arthropods(P<0.001).The results of principal component analysis showed that the main microenvironmental factors affecting the diversity of arthropods in urban green spaces included the dosage ratio of pesticide,the area of flowering plant,the frequency of pesticide application,the evenness of flowering plants,the Shannon Wiener diversity of flowering plants,and the abundance of flowering plants.The results of RDA analysis showed that the area,evenness,Shannon Wiener diversity and abundance of flowering plants were significantly positively correlated with the abundance of arthropods and aphidophagus pr

关 键 词：城市绿地 节肢动物 天敌昆虫 生物多样性 微环境 

分 类 号：S757.2[农业科学—森林经理学] Q16[农业科学—林学] Q948.3[生物学—普通生物学]