生态破坏行为侵权责任归责原则的界分  

Demarcation of the principle of tort liability for ecological damage

作　　者：范庆荣 孙沁馨 FAN Qingrong;SUN Qinxin(School of Law,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学法学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《河北环境工程学院学报》2024年第6期14-20,共7页Journal of Hebei University of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：2023年湖南省教育厅青年项目(23B0083)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国民法典》“环境污染和生态破坏责任”一章增列生态破坏为环境侵权行为,并打破了传统环境侵权责任调整范围,将生态损害责任这一具有公法属性的侵权类型纳入调整范畴。由此,生态破坏侵权制度兼具公法与私法的属性,使得由同一生态破坏行为引发的不同侵权存在界分困难、适用责任模糊不清的问题。界分生态破坏行为侵权责任的归责原则应当从生态破坏行为致害的机理出发,从侵害法益着手对侵权行为进行类型化划分。通过阐述不同侵权行为的特殊属性,最终建立一套生态破坏侵权的独立责任体系,建立由生态破坏行为引起的环境污染责任与生态损害责任之间的适当衔接与融合机制。"Environmental pollution and ecological damage liability"in Chapter 7 of the seventh chapter of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China adds ecological damage as the cause of environmental tort,and breaks the traditional scope of environmental tort liability adjustment,and brings ecological environment damage liability,a tort type with public law attributes,into the scope of adjustment.Therefore,the tort system of ecological destruction has the attributes of both public law and private law,which makes it difficult to distinguish different torts caused by the same act of ecological destruction,and the applicable responsibility is ambiguous.The principle of tort liabily for ecological damage showld be classified from the infringement of legal interests based on the mechanism of ecological damage.Through the elaboration of the special attributes of different infringement types,the causality and imputation principles of different infringement are explored.Finally,a set of independent liability system for the infringement of ecological damage is developed,and a proper connection and integration mechanism between the liability for environmental pollution caused by ecological damage and the liability for ecological environmental damage is established.

关 键 词：生态破坏侵权 生态环境损害 归责原则 类型化界分 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]