两种环境下氮磷钾配比施肥对红海榄生长及生理的影响  

Effects of N,P and K Ratio Fertilization on Growth and Physiology of Rhizophora stylosa under Two Environments

作　　者：何勇欣 王述龙 刘佳庚 云洁 徐洋 赵怀宝 He Yongxin;Wang Shulong;Liu Jiageng;Yun Jie;Xu Yang;Zhao Huaibao(College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya,572022;Key Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-environment Process and Carbon Sink of Hainan Province,Department of Science and Technology of Hainan Province,Sanya,572022;Hainan Modern Marine Ranch Engineering Research Center,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya,572022)

机构地区：[1]海南热带海洋学院生态环境学院,三亚572022 [2]海南省科技厅,海南省近岸海洋生态环境过程与碳汇重点实验室,三亚572022 [3]海南热带海洋学院,海南省现代化海洋牧场工程研究中心,三亚572022

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第24期8235-8246,共12页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020190);海南省大学生创新创业项目(S20211100015;S20211100028)共同资助。

摘　　要：红树林原生于潮间带,在自然状况下生长缓慢,施肥是育苗的重要措施。为探究不同环境下氮磷钾配比施肥对红海榄生长的影响,设计了9种N、P、K配比的正交试验,及淡水和半海水两种育苗环境,定期测定株高、基径等形态和生理指标。结果表明:施肥均促进了红海榄的生长。与对照相比,淡水环境氮磷钾配比为1:2:2的处理株高增长率提升了187.79%,半海水环境3:1:3处理提升了123.72%。淡水环境各处理的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和叶绿素(Chl)含量均显著提高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势;半海水环境各处理的SOD活性和Chl含量升高多表现在红海榄生长后期,CAT活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。与淡水环境相比,半海水环境更有利于红海榄生长,但各处理红海榄的SOD活性均低于淡水环境,淡水环境对于红海榄幼苗是一种胁迫。在淡水环境下施用尿素:过磷酸钙:氯化钾=1:2:2施肥配比对苗木生长的促进效果较佳,半海水环境则为3:1:3。本研究结果可为红树植物红海榄育苗及生长发育提供参考。Mangroves are native to the intertidal zone and grow slowly under natural conditions,fertilization is an important measure for seedling cultivation.In order to explore the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio fertilization on the growth of Rhizophora stylosa under different environments,9 kinds of orthogonal experiments of N,P and K ratio were designed,as well as two seedling environments of freshwater and half-seawater,and plant height,base diameter and other morphological and physiological indexes were measured regularly.The results showed that fertilization could promote the growth of R.stylosa.Compared with the control,the plant growth rate of 1:2:2 treatment in freshwater environment was increased by 187.79%,and that of 3:1:3 treatment in half-seawater environment was increased by 123.72%.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and chlorophyll(Chl)content were significantly increased,while catalase(CAT)activity increased first and then decreased.The increase of SOD activity and Chl content in half seawater environment was mostly manifested in the late growth stage of red olive,and the CAT activity increased first and then decreased.Compared with the freshwater environment,the half-seawater environment was more favorable for the growth of the R.stylosa,but the SOD activity of the R.stylosa was lower than that of the freshwater environment,which was a stress to the R.stylosa seedlings.The ratio of urea:calcium superphosphate:potassium chloride=1:2:2 in freshwater environment promoted the growth of seedlings better,and 3:1:3 in half-seawater environment.The results of this study can provide reference for the seedling rearing and growth of R.stylosa.

关 键 词：红海榄 淡水 半海水 施肥 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]