柑橘溃疡病菌在云贵高原越冬期致病性与适存性的研究  

Study on the Pathogenicity and Overwintering Viability of Xanthomonas.citri subsp.citri in Yungui Plateau

作　　者：冼嘉欣[1] 张莉 王小柯 王鑫[1] 张钰晴 方吉祥 李文云 黄丽丽[4] 崔紫宁[1] XIAN Jiaxin;ZHANG Li;WANG Xiaoke;WANG Xin;ZHANG Yuqing;FANG Jixiang;LI Wenyun;HUANG Lili;CUI Zining(National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides/Center for Microbial Communities Research/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Signaling and Crop Disease Prevention and Control/College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuxi Yunnan 653100,China;Fruit Tree Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学绿色农药全国重点实验室/群体微生物研究中心/广东省微生物信号与作物病害防控重点实验室/植物保护学院,广州510642 [2]云南省玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪653100 [3]贵州省农业科学院果树科学研究所,贵阳550006 [4]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物医学》2024年第6期14-22,共9页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1400200).

摘　　要：为明确柑橘溃疡病菌在云贵高原生态条件下的越冬状况和初侵染来源,通过对不同区域生态条件下该病菌的越冬适存性的研究,为柑橘溃疡病的防治和根除提供更多的潜在可能.本研究采用致病性检测方法,对柑橘溃疡病菌在云贵两省越冬期的适存性进行研究.通过制备供检材料的水浸提液或浓缩浸提液,利用针刺接种法将处理的浸提液接种至供检脐橙叶片中,根据接种点发病情况判断样品越冬期的适存性.其中,越冬后病株叶片病斑经处理、接种,结果显示,两地均有90%~100%的病斑具有致病能力;两地无症状叶上病菌刺接种点的发病率分别达9%~15%和10%~18%;两地越冬后的病落叶、土壤和杂草的浸提浓缩液致病能力的检测结果显示均未引起叶片发病.结果表明:柑橘溃疡病菌在云贵两省主要在病株的病斑内越冬;也有少量能以潜伏侵染的方式在病株的未显症叶片内越冬,成为翌年的初次侵染来源;病原菌不能在田间的病落叶、土壤和杂草上越冬.To clarify the overwintering status of the citrus canker pathogen under the ecological conditions of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and identify the sources of primary infection,this study aimed to understand the overwintering survivability of the pathogen under different ecological conditions across various regions,and intended to provide more potential possibilities for the prevention and control of citrus canker.The research employed pathogenicity detection methods to investigate the overwintering survivability of the citrus canker pathogen in the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou.By preparing the water extracts or concentrated extracts of the testing materials,the prepared extracts were inoculated to the leaves of navel orange plants using a needle inoculation method.The survivability of the overwintering samples was assessed based on the occurrence of disease at the inoculation sites.The results indicated that after overwintering,90% to 100% of the lesions on the leaves of diseased plants retained their pathogenicity.The incidence rates of disease at the needle inoculation sites inoculated with the pathogens from asymptomatic leaves of two regions were 9% to 15% and 10% to 18%,respectively.The detection of pathogenicity with concentrated extracts from diseased fallen leaves,soil and weeds of both regions after overwintering did not cause leaf disease.The findings suggest that the citrus canker pathogen primarily overwinters within the lesions of diseased plants in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.A small amount of the pathogen can also overwinter in a latent state in the asymptomatic leaves of diseased plants,serving as a source of primary infection for the following year.The pathogen is not able to overwinter in diseased fallen leaves,soil and weeds in the field.

关 键 词：柑橘溃疡病菌 越冬期 致病性 适存性 

分 类 号：S436.661.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]