一种青铜文物馆藏环境温湿度控制的风险评估方法  

A risk assessment method for temperature and humidity control of bronze relics in museums

作　　者：陆凯 李丹丹[1,2] 闫莹[1,2] 周浩[3,4] 吴来明[3,4] 蔡兰坤[1,2] LU Kai;LI Dandan;YAN Ying;ZHOU Hao;WU Laiming;CAI Lankun(East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection for Environmental Risk Assessment and Control of Chemical Process(East China University of Science and Technology),Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Museum,Shanghai 200003,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Museum Environment(Shanghai Museum),National Cultural Heritage Administration,Shanghai 200231,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学,上海200237 [2]国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室(华东理工大学),上海200237 [3]上海博物馆,上海200003 [4]馆藏文物保存环境国家文物局重点科研基地(上海博物馆),上海200231

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第6期19-26,共8页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(2020YFC1522502)。

摘　　要：维持适宜的温湿度以降低环境对文物的破坏作用,是馆藏文物预防性保护工作基本要求。受地域气候差异影响,执行统一的温湿度标准可能导致能耗增加,不利于文物的科学保护。本研究探讨了一种青铜文物馆藏环境温湿度控制的风险评估方法。通过石英晶体微天平进行反应性监测实验获得的不同温湿度下青铜文物模拟材料的腐蚀数据,结合机器学习算法,建立起特定温湿度区域内较高精度的腐蚀速率预测模型。将腐蚀速率作为环境温湿度风险的量化指标,提出了四等级制的青铜文物馆藏温湿度风险评估建议标准。考虑气压对湿度的影响,加入了相对湿度转换系数以扩大适用范围,并设计了便于实际应用的图形用户界面工具。根据该方法划分出的青铜文物馆藏温湿度风险建议评估标准,使得管理者可在控制风险的同时,因地制宜进行温湿度控制。Maintaining appropriate temperature and humidity to minimize the negative effect of the environment are basic requirements for the preventive conservation of cultural relics in museums.Because of regional climate differences,sometimes adopting a uniform standard is neither necessary for relics nor energy efficient.This paper discusses a risk assessment method for controlling temperature and humidity in the museum environment of bronze relics.A quartz crystal microbalance was used to carry out reactivity monitoring experiments of the simulated bronze material,to thus obtain corrosion data.Machine learning algorithms were used to establish a highly accurate corrosion rate prediction model of the simulated bronze material under specific temperature and humidity conditions.Then,using the corrosion rate as a quantitative indicator of risk,a continuous environmental temperature and humidity risk standard was proposed for four classes.Because of a difference in atmospheric pressure,a relative humidity conversion factor was added to expand the scope of its application.A graphical user interface tool was designed to make it easier to utilize.Based on the proposed assessment standard for museum temperature and humidity risk of bronze relics,a conservator could control the temperature and humidity according to local conditions while maintaining the risk level.

关 键 词：青铜文物 机器学习 风险标准 

分 类 号：G264[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K876.41