流体气相膜对室外大型铁器文物封护研究与实践——以明清古代火炮为例  

Research and practice for the sealing of large outdoor iron cultural relics using the fluid vapor film: taking ancient Ming and Qing artillery pieces as examples

作　　者：孙成智 蔡斌 李永利 赵柏东[2] SUN Chengzhi;CAI Bin;LI Yongli;ZHAO Baidong(The Military Museum of the Chinese People’s Revolution,Beijing 100038,China;Shenyang Packaging Materials Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民革命军事博物馆,北京100038 [2]沈阳防锈包装材料有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第6期65-78,共14页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

摘　　要：流体气相膜作为一种新型室外铁器封护材料,在室外大型铁质文物封护方面有着很大的应用潜力。本工作通过试验研制出适用于大部分北方地区户外铁质文物的流体气相膜封护材料,并将其用于明清古代火炮的表面封护处理。研究结果表明,选择50A型丙烯酸树脂为主体成膜剂、L18NF为气相缓蚀剂、脂肪酸盐为防锈添加剂、12311为助剂时,该流体气相膜具有良好的封护效果。所研制流体气相膜可使用水基溶剂体系或有机溶剂体系,有机溶剂体系更适用于北方冬季室外条件。涂刷方式采用普通涂刷+哑光涂刷的复合涂刷方式,不仅具有良好的防锈效果,同时能降低封护表面的反光度。所研制流体气相膜具有易操作、易去除、不易开裂等特点,还具有良好的耐盐雾、耐湿热和耐冲击性能,可以有效地防止铁器文物表面产生锈蚀。The fluid vapor film,as a new type of outdoor ironware sealing material,has a great potential in the application to the sealing of large-scale outdoor iron cultural relics.A new fluid vapor film sealing material suitable for outdoor iron cultural relics in most northern regions was developed through experiments and was applied to the surface sealing of ancient Ming and Qing artillery pieces.The results indicate that the new fluid vapor film had a good sealing effort,with the uses of 50A acrylic resin as the main film-forming agent,L18NF as the vapor phase corrosion inhibitor,fatty acid salt as the rust inhibitor and 12311 as the auxiliary agent.Either a water-based solvent system or an organic solvent system could be used for the new fluid vapor film,but the organic solvent system was more suitable for outdoor conditions in winter in the north.A composite brushing method utilizing ordinary brushing and matte brushing was adopted,which not only had a good rust prevention effect,but also reduced the reflectivity of the sealed surface.The new fluid vapor film method has the characteristics of being easy to operate and remove,resistance to cracking,salt spray,moisture,heat and impact,thus effectively preventing rust on the surface of iron cultural relics.

关 键 词：大型铁器文物 修复 封护 流体气相膜 

分 类 号：K876.42[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]