中国国家博物馆藏汉代金银饰铁带钩保存状况的科学研究  

A scientific study on the preservation of Han gold and silver-decorated iron belt hooks in the collection of the National Museum of China

作　　者：吴娜 张月玲 张鹏宇 刘薇 王克青 WU Na;ZHANG Yueling;ZHANG Pengyu;LIU Wei;WANG Keqing(National Museum of China,Beijing 100006,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Metal Conservation(National Museum of China),National Cultural Heritage Administration,Beijing 100079,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [2]金属文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地(中国国家博物馆),北京100079

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第6期128-137,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1522100、2020YFC1522101)资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用大幅面X射线荧光扫描成像光谱仪(MA-XRF)结合三维视频显微镜和拉曼光谱仪,对金银饰铁带钩及早期修复材料进行了全面的分析检测,确定了铁带钩的材质组成、金银箔的分布位置、断裂缺失及裂隙部位等信息,还原了精美的纹饰,并确认锈蚀产物中含有γ-FeOOH和FeS_(2),需要进行保护处理。铁带钩早期修复材料的检测结果表明,钩首部位主要为环氧树脂+细沙+颜料,钩颈、钩钮附近、钩尾等部位应为环氧树脂+石膏+颜料,所用环氧树脂化学结构和百得环氧树脂最为接近。检测结果表明,MA-XRF作为一种较新的检测方法,在图像增强、病害情况判断、修复位置确认等方面效果显著,大幅面扫和单点采集相结合的检测方式可以实现文物信息的全面提取,为保护修复方案制定提供科学依据。In this study,a large-format X-ray fluorescence scanning imaging spectrometer(MA-XRF),a 3D video microscope and a Raman spectrometer were used to analyze and test gold and silver-decorated iron belt hooks as well as their early restoration materials.The compositions of the iron belt hooks’material,the distribution of gold and silver foil,and the fracture loss and the crack positions were determined,and the exquisite decoration was restored.The early restoration materials for the iron belt hooks were shown to be mainly epoxy,sand and pigment for the hook head and epoxy,gypsum and pigment for the hook neck,the vicinity of the hook knob and the hook tail.The chemical structure of the epoxy used was the closest to that of the black epoxy.These results show that MA-XRF,as a new detection method,was effective in image enhancement,disease condition judgment and repair location confirmation.The combination of large-format scanning and single-point acquisition made possible the comprehensive extraction of information about the cultural relics and provides a scientific basis for making conservation and restoration plans.

关 键 词：铁器 金箔 银箔 MA-XRF 修复材料 

分 类 号：K875.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]