俄罗斯森林火灾对中国华北地区PM_(2.5)的影响:以呼和浩特为例  

Impact of Forest Fires in Russia on PM_(2.5) in North China:A Case Study of Hohhot

作　　者：马佳 MA Jia(Kunshan Hexin Mass Spectrometry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215300,China)

机构地区：[1]昆山禾信质谱技术有限公司,苏州215300

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2024年第4期12-22,共11页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

摘　　要：利用地基观测、卫星遥感和MERRA-2等多源数据,结合特征比值法和潜在源分析等方法,对呼和浩特市2021年8月PM_(2.5)浓度异常升高进行了分析。结果显示,俄罗斯雅库茨克市森林火灾排放的污染物远距离传输是呼和浩特市8月中上旬PM_(2.5)高值的主要来源,区域传输对PM_(2.5)的贡献约为59.1%。MERRA-2黑碳气溶胶柱浓度与MODIS卫星火点数量相关系数r=0.80,其作为森林火灾示踪物对火灾产生烟尘传输路径的分析具有较好的指示意义。除了呼和浩特市,内蒙古、东北三省的其他城市也受到传输的影响,影响程度自西向东呈减弱趋势。本次过程的两条主要传输通道为“俄罗斯—蒙古国—内蒙古”以及“俄罗斯—蒙古国北部—内蒙古东北部-东北地区西部”。本研究为采用多源数据探讨国外污染物远距离传输对中国的影响提供了一定的参考。In order to analyze the abnormal increase of PM_(2.5)concentration in Hohhot City in August 2021,multi-source data including ground-based observations,satellite remote sensing,and MERRA-2 were analyzed with methods such as feature ratio method and potential source analysis.The results show that the long-distance transmission of pollutants produced by forest fires in Yakutsk,Russia was the main source of high PM_(2.5)values in Hohhot in early to mid August and the contribution of regional transmission to PM_(2.5)was approximately 59.1%.The correlation coefficient between the column concentration of MERRA-2 black carbon aerosol and the number of MODIS satellite fire points was 0.80.As a tracer for forest fires,the column concentration of MERRA-2black carbon has good indicative significance for analyzing the transmission path of smoke and dust generated by forest fires.In addition to Hohhot,other cities in Inner Mongolia and three northeastern provinces in China were also affected by transmission and the degree of influence showed a weakening trend from west to east.The two main transmission channels in this process were“Russia-Mongolia-Inner Mongolia”and“Russia-northern of Mongolia–northeast of Inner Mongolia-west of Northeast China”.This study provided a reference for exploring the impact of long-distance transmission of foreign pollutants on China.

关 键 词：森林火灾 PM_(2.5) 黑碳 潜在源 卫星火点 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]