互联网发展重塑制造业空间集聚的经济与环境效应研究——来自制造业微观层面的经验证据  

Research on the Economic and Environmental Effects of Internet Development on Remolding the Spatial Agglomeration of Manufacturing Industry——Empirical Evidence from Micro-geographic Data of Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：甄俊杰 师博[2] 王育宝[1] Junjie Zhen;Bo Shi;Yubao Wang(School of Economics and Finance,Xi'an Jiaotong University;School of Digital Economy and Management,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院 [2]南京大学数字经济与管理学院

出　　处：《经济学报》2024年第4期274-301,共28页China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“中国经济高质量发展的机理与路径研究”(基金号:20FJLB026);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“数字经济赋能西部城市经济高质量发展的机制与政策研究”(基金号:22JJD790065);新疆维吾尔自治区中央引导地方科技发展专项“新疆高碳排放行业碳中和关键技术及工程应用”(基金号:ZYYD2022C16)的资助。

摘　　要：集群的规模优势是地区实体经济长期竞争优势的重要来源,互联网的便捷性、高效性使得企业似乎没有必要融入“空间集体”,如何平衡好区域集群优势与企业的“离群”倾向是新时期地区经济高质量发展的又一重要问题。本文基于互联网时代制造业空间集聚退化的特征事实,采用2013—2019年中国所有制造业企业的经纬度数据对地区制造业企业空间集聚进行重新测算,以231个地级市为研究样本,分析互联网发展对制造业空间集聚的重塑机制,并进一步的探究其引致的经济与环境效应。研究发现:(1)互联网发展对制造业空间集聚具有重塑效应,显著弱化了制造业空间集聚格局。(2)互联网重塑制造业空间集聚存在时间、空间以及行业层面的异质性特征。(3)互联网重塑制造业空间集聚总体上在促进城市全要素生产率提升的同时缓解了环境污染的加剧。本研究从数字经济背景下的空间集聚视角出发,为推动数字经济与实体经济的深度融合、实现区域长期均衡发展提供了政策启示。The scale advantage of clusters is an important source of long-term competitive advantage for the real economy of a region,but the convenience and efficiency of the Internet makes it seem unnecessary for enterprises to integrate into the“spatial collective”.How to balance the advantages of regional clusters and the tendency of enterprises to“leave”is another important issue for the high-quality development of regional economy in the new era.Based on the fact that the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industries has degraded in the Internet era,this paper uses the latitude and longitude data of all manufacturing enterprises in China from 2013 to 2019 to re-measure the spatial agglomeration of regional manufacturing enterprises,and takes 231 prefecture-level cities as the research samples to analyse the reshaping mechanism of the Internet development on the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industries and further explore its resulting economic.The study finds that:(1)The development of the Internet has reduced the crowding effect of manufacturing spatial agglomeration,thus weakening the scale of manufacturing spatial agglomeration.(2)There is heterogeneity in the reshaping of manufacturing spatial agglomeration by the Internet,and the weakening effect of the Internet on manufacturing spatial agglomeration becomes more significant as the development of the Internet progresses.This weakening effect is most obvious in the eastern region,followed by the central region,and not significant in the western region.(3)The Internet reshapes the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industries and generally promotes the growth of total factor productivity in cities while mitigating the intensification of environmental pollution.From the perspective of spatial agglomeration in the context of the digital economy,this study provides policy insights for promoting the deep integration of the digital economy with the real economy and achieving long-term balanced regional development.

关 键 词：互联网发展 制造业空间集聚 集聚退化 全要素生产率 环境污染 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F424