地方政府环境目标约束与居民身心健康  

Environmental Goal Constraint of Local Government and Residents'Physical and Mental Health

作　　者：岳帅[1] 操一萍 Shuai Yue;Yiping Cao(School of Economics,Henan University)

机构地区：[1]河南大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学报》2024年第4期400-422,共23页China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国数字经济发展不平衡性测度及对经济高质量发展的效应研究”(21BTJ056);河南省博士后科研启动项目“劳动力回流助推河南乡村经济振兴的效果及路径研究”;河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队支持计划(项目编号:2024-CXTD-03)的资助。

摘　　要：本文以“主要污染物总量削减目标责任书”的签订作为外生政策冲击,采用双重差分方法(DID)研究地方政府环境目标约束对居民身心健康的影响。研究结果显示:(1)地方政府环境目标约束有利于改善居民身体健康,短期内恶化了居民心理健康,长期内对居民心理健康不存在显著影响。(2)从作用机制看,短期内地方政府环境目标约束通过引起地区污染密集型产业退出或外移,虽然带来环境质量优化改善居民身体健康,但也会引起失业增加恶化居民心理健康;长期中,地方政府环境目标约束可以通过倒逼技术革新,促进地区非污染密集型行业产出增加,缓解污染密集型行业退出或外移引起的就业损失,对居民心理健康不再产生恶化作用。(3)环境目标约束对居民身心健康的影响存在地区间溢出效应,恶化邻近地区居民身体健康,改善邻近地区居民心理健康。(4)环境目标约束对居民心理健康的短期恶化作用在男性、中年以及农村人群中更明显。本文的研究结论为合理制定促进居民身心健康的相关环境政策提供了重要参考。This paper takes the signing of the“Responsibility Agreement for Reducing the Total Amount of Major Pollutants”as an exogenous policy shock,and uses the Difference-in-Difference Method(DID)to study the impact of local government environmental target constraints on residents'physical and mental health.The research results show that:(1)Local government environmental goal constraints are beneficial for improving residents'physical health,deteriorating residents'mental health in the short term,and have no significant impact on residents'mental health in the long term.(2)From the perspective of mechanism,in the short term,local government environmental goal constraints not only lead to the optimization of environmental quality and improvement of residents'physical health,but also increase unemployment and worsen residents'mental health by causing the exit or relocation of pollution intensive industries in the region;In the long run,local government environmental goal constraints can promote technological innovation,increase the output of non-pollution-intensive industries in the region,compensate for employment losses caused by the relocation of pollution intensive industries,and no longer have a deteriorating effect on residents'mental health;(3)The impact of environmental goal constraints on residents'physical and mental health has an inter regional spillover effect,which deteriorates the physical health of nearby residents and improves their mental health;(4)The short-term deterioration effect of environmental goal constraints on residents'mental health is more pronounced in male,middle-aged,and rural populations.The research conclusion of this article provides important reference for the rational formulation of relevant environmental policies to promote residents'physical and mental health.

关 键 词：环境目标约束 失业 环境污染 心理健康 身体健康 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X321[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]