船用增压器高压比离心压气机多结构参数对性能影响的研究  

Effet of Multiple Structural Parameters on the Performance of High Pressure Ratio Centrifugal Compressors Applied in Marine Turbocharger

作　　者：陈世凡 王净[1,2] 霍文浩 孙冬婷 朱凤梅 Shi-fan Chen;Jing Wang;Wen-hao Huo;Dong-ting Sun;Feng-mei Zhu(Harbin Engineering University;Chongqing Jiangjin Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd.;National Engineering Research Center of Special Equipment and Power System for Ship and Marine Engineering)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学 [2]重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 [3]船舶与海洋工程特种装备和动力系统国家工程研究中心

出　　处：《风机技术》2024年第6期7-13,共7页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：船用低速机大流量高可靠性增压器研制。

摘　　要：船用涡轮增压器高压比离心压气机在设计中通常不考虑几何结构参数对性能的影响,但结构参数却对压气机性能有明显影响。基于某涡轮增压器高压比离心压气机的试验结果,采用数值模拟方法研究了多结构参数对压气机性能的影响。分别开展了叶根圆角、进气循环及轮背密封结构的仿真分析,研究了三种结构对压气机性能和流场的影响。结果表明,叶根圆角和进气循环结构对离心压气机性能的影响较大,而轮背密封结构对压气机性能的影响较小;叶根圆角导致压气机压比下降2.4%,等熵效率降低2.2%;进气再循环结构可以有效改善压气机小流量工况的性能,使压气机整级流量范围拓宽4.3%,但却导致最高效率降低0.3%;轮背密封结构的泄漏量仅为0.1%,压气机压比基本不变。综合考虑上述结构参数对性能的影响,考虑叶根圆角和进气循环结构的仿真设计,其性能与试验结果吻合较好。In the realm of marine turbocharger design,the impact of geometric structural parameters on the performance of high-pressure ratio centrifugal compressors is often neglected,even though these parameters significantly influence compressor efficiency.This study delves into the effects of multiple structural factors on compressor performance,utilizing numerical simulations grounded in experimental data from a specific high-pressure ratio centrifugal compressor applied in a marine turbocharger.The analyses of the blade root fillet,air inflow recirculation,and backplate seal structures were performed to discern their contributions to both performance and flow field.The investigation revealed that comparing the backplate seal,the blade root fillet and air inflow recirculation have big influence on compressor performance.Notably,the blade root fillet structure brings 2.4%decrease in pressure ratio and 2.2%drop in isentropic efficiency.Conversely,the air inflow recirculation capability improved low-flow condition performance,expanding the flow range by 4.3%but slightly diminishing highest efficiency by 0.3%.The backplate seal adjustments led to leakage rate of 0.1%,without impacting the pressure ratio.To sum up,the simulation design results of considering blade root fillet and air inflow recirculation structures match the experiment results well.

关 键 词：船用增压器 离心压气机 性能 真实结构 叶根圆角 轮背密封 进气再循环 

分 类 号：TH452[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK474.82[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]