箔片气体动压轴承在飞机空气循环机中的应用现状及失效模式分析  

Application Status and Failure Mode Analysis of Hydrodynamic Gas Foil Bearings for Air Cycle Machines Used in Aircrafts

作　　者：刘水华 周永亮 杨靖贵 侯斌 冯凯[1] LIU Shuihua;ZHOU Yongliang;YANG Jinggui;HOU Bin;FENG Kai(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]中国商飞上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《轴承》2025年第1期1-13,共13页Bearing

摘　　要：箔片气体动压轴承具有结构紧凑,稳定性好,无油润滑,转速高和少维护等优点,是飞行器用空气循环机(ACM)内部轴系的理想支承装置。分析了箔片气体动压轴承的结构组成,回顾了气悬浮ACM在提高转速和承载能力,减小体积,提高使用寿命,拓宽使用温域等方面的研究进展;讨论了ACM用箔片气体动压轴承的轴承-转子故障、过载失效、轴承间隙装配不良、启停磨损失效、外界杂质磨损失效、高温失效等失效模式以及其对应的失效原因及失效机理;并结合目前箔片气体动压轴承的研究热点,预测了未来箔片气体动压轴承支承的ACM朝着转速更高,承载更大,体积更小,使用寿命更长,温域更宽的方向发展。The hydrodynamic gas foil bearings are ideal supporting devices for internal shaft systems of air cycle mechines(ACMs)for aircrafts because of compact structure,excellent stability,oil-free lubrication,high rotational speed capability and low maintenance requirements,etc.The structures of the bearings are analyzed,and the research progress of gas-suspended ACMs in improving rotational speed and load capacity,reducing volume,extending service life and broadening operating temperature range is reviewed.The failure modes of the bearings for ACMs are discussed,including bearing-rotor failure,overload failure,improper bearing clearance assembly,start-stop wear failure,external impurity wear failure and high-temperature failure,and the corresponding failure causes and failure mechanisms are analyzed.Combined with current research hotspot of the bearings,the future development trend of ACMs supported by the bearings is predicted to be higher rotational speed,larger load capacity,smaller volume,longer service life and broader temperature range.

关 键 词：滑动轴承 气体动压轴承 空气循环冷却系统 失效模式 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TH133.35[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]