椭圆节流小孔对空气静压轴承承载能力的影响  

Influence of Elliptical Throttle Small Orifices on Load Capacity of Hydrostatic Gas Bearings

作　　者：孙国梁 隆强 刘华峰 向俊 谭畅 SUN Guoliang;LONG Qiang;LIU Huafeng;XIANG Jun;TAN Chang(Sichuan Aerospace Fenghuo Servo Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司,成都611130

出　　处：《轴承》2025年第1期39-45,共7页Bearing

基　　金：四川省重大科技专项资助项目(2022YFG0054)。

摘　　要：常规形状节流小孔在提高轴承性能时存在瓶颈,采用椭圆节流小孔能够更精确地控制气膜的流动和压力分布。为了计算椭圆节流小孔对空气静压轴承承载力的影响,通过引入椭圆小孔特性的扰动项对传统雷诺方程进行修正;为了避免不确定性和随机因素导致的复杂计算问题,建立一种基于高斯分布的轴承承载力统计预测模型,实现了对椭圆小孔特征参数影响轴承承载力机制的分析;最后利用粒子群优化算法实现承载力与特征参数之间的最佳平衡。算例验证结果表明,长短轴比为0.8、小孔数量为20、小孔气道深度为9 mm的参数组合下的轴承承载力最优,约840 N。There is a bottleneck in improving bearing performance with conventional shaped throttle small orifices.The elliptical throttle small orifices can control the flow and pressure distribution of gas film more accurately.In order to calculate the influence of elliptical throttle small orifices on load capacity of hydrostatic gas bearings,the traditional Reynolds equation is modified by introducing a disturbance term based on characteristics of elliptical small orifices.In order to avoid the complex calculation problems caused by uncertainty and random factors,a statistical prediction model for load capacity of the bearings based on Gaussian distribution is established to analyze the influence mechanism of characteristic parameters of elliptical small orifices on load capacity of the bearings.Finally,the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to achieve the optimal balance between load capacity and characteristic parameters.The verification results of calculation example show that the optimal load capacity is about 840 N under the parameter combination of long to short axis ratio of 0.8,number of small orifices of 20 and airway depth of small orifices of 9 mm.

关 键 词：滑动轴承 气体静压轴承 节流孔 承载力 粒子群优化算法 

分 类 号：TH133.31[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH133.35