环锭纺棉/涤短纤皮芯纱的皮芯层捻度分布  

Twist distribution in cotton/polyester sheath-core staple yarns based on ring spinning

作　　者：江文杰 郭明瑞 高卫东 JIANG Wenjie;GUO Mingrui;GAO Weidong(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第12期58-66,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52003105)。

摘　　要：为发挥两组分短纤维复合结构纱的性能优势,开发了一种基于环锭细纱机的新型短纤皮芯纱纺制方法。该方法的核心在于采用同轴异径前罗拉替换传统前罗拉,从而实现在环锭细纱机上一步法纺制短纤皮芯纱。通过理论分析根据纺纱三角区几何形状,计算出皮芯纱的皮层捻度。同时,通过长丝模拟示踪法和图像技术,测量了皮芯纱的皮层和芯层捻度,并分别构建了皮层和芯层捻度与设定捻度的关系模型。此外,还研究了皮芯比例和捻度对纱线性能的影响。结果表明:芯层捻度与细纱机设定捻度呈线性正相关;皮层捻度与设定捻度呈二次函数关系,同时皮层捻度的改变会影响纱线紧密度;在相同捻度下,棉/涤短纤皮芯纱的强伸性优于纯棉环锭纱,且皮芯纱的断裂强度和断裂伸长率随着捻度和芯纤维占比的增加而增加;增加捻度和芯纤维占比有利于皮芯纱条干的改善;皮芯纱的有害毛羽随着捻度的增加而减少。Objective To benefit from the performance advantages of two-component composite staple yarns,a new spinning method for sheath-core staple yarns based on ring spinning machine was developed.The twist distribution in the sheath and core layers of sheath-core staple yarn is studied because it has a significant impact on the settings of spinning process parameters and the yarn properties.Method The conventional front roller was replaced with the coaxial front roller with different diameters.Two fiber slivers were output with different speeds at the front roller nip.The slow fiber sliver was twisted around its axis,while the fast fiber sliver was spirally wrapped around the outside of the slow counterpart,thus forming a sheath-core structure.Based on the geometry of spinning triangle,the twist in sheath layer was calculated theoretically,and the twist in sheath and core layers of sheath-core yarn were measured by the filament simulated tracer method and image technology.Results Through the fitting analysis of the twist in sheath and core layers,it is found that the twist in sheath layer is a quadratic function of the setting twist.Additionally,the twist in sheath layer is inversely proportional to the yarn diameter,which is consistent with theoretical analysis.Furthermore,the twist in core layer exhibits a linear relationship with the setting twist.The R 2 values for all fitted curves exceed 0.95,indicating that the fitting results are highly reliable.The breaking strength and elongation of sheath-core yarn are superior to those of ring-spun cotton yarn.At a twist of 550 twist/m,the breaking strength and elongation of sheath-core yarn with a sheath-core proportion of 65/35 are 68.0%and 85.5%higher than those of ring-spun cotton yarn,respectively.As the setting twist and core proportion increase,the breaking strength and elongation of sheath-core staple yarn increase.This is because as the setting twist increases,the twist in sheath and core layers increase,thereby enhancing the breaking strength and elongation of shea

关 键 词：短纤皮芯纱 异速输出 纺纱技术 皮层捻度 芯层捻度 复合结构纱 

分 类 号：TS104.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]