纺织基可穿戴柔性应变传感器的研究进展  

Advances in textile-based wearable flexible strain sensors

作　　者：张曼 权英 冯宇[2] 李甫 张爱琴 刘淑强 ZHANG Man;QUAN Ying;FENG Yu;LI Fu;ZHANG Aiqin;LIU Shuqiang(College of Textile Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Jinzhong,Shanxi 030600,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030008,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学轻纺工程学院,山西晋中030600 [2]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,山西太原030008

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第12期225-233,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划面上项目(202303021211072);山西省重点研发计划项目(202302040201009)。

摘　　要：为推进智能可穿戴纺织品的研发和应用,基于纺织基应变传感器的研究现状,从纤维、纱线、织物3个结构尺度介绍了柔性应变传感器的设计思路和制备方法。概述了纺丝法、表面涂层和炭化改性制备纤维基应变传感器的关键问题及优缺点,总结了螺旋纱、皮芯结构复合纱等特殊纱线结构在应变传感器中的应用,对比了不同织物结构作为应变传感器基材的传感机制和性能特征。最后讨论了纺织基柔性应变传感器发展过程存在的问题和挑战:通过纺织结构设计实现传感器高灵敏度和大应变范围的要求;建立多尺度结构与传感性能之间的理论关系,充分发挥纺织材料的结构和性能优势;进一步推动纺织基应变传感器在可穿戴电子领域的实际应用。Significance Wearable flexible strain sensors can facilitate all-round monitoring of human activities and thus have broad application prospects in fields such as healthcare,public health and human-computer interaction.Compared with traditional embedded rigid strain sensors,textile structures become an ideal structural platform for flexible strain sensors with the advantages of flexibility,comfort and hyperbolic effect.However,since the raw materials used in traditional textiles generally have electrical insulating properties,they should be modified into electrically sensitive materials before being used to construct flexible strain sensors.In addition,the textile structure design is targeted on the basis of the strain sensing mechanism.Although there are some basic researches on the application of textile technology in the field of smart wearables,it is still in its infancy in the actual market application.In order to further promote the development and application of smart wearable textiles and make full use of the textile structural advantages,this paper summarizes the design concepts and preparation methods of flexible textile-based strain sensors based on the current research progress.The paper is organized on progress made in fibers,yarns and fabrics.Progress For fiber-based strain sensors,integrating fibers with electrically sensitive materials to achieve conductive fiber preparation is the primary issue which needs to be addressed in the preparation of strain sensors.Currently,there are three mainstream technologies to prepare fiber materials with good electrical conductivity which are fiber spinning,fiber surface coating and carbonization modification of fibers.Compared to fiber-based strain sensors,yarn-based sensors pay more attention to the macroscopic structural design to assemble multiple functional materials,achieving multi-dimensional upgrading of sensing performance.Yarn spinning technology,on the other hand,is an effective way to integrate functional fibers into yarns to achieve a good combinatio

关 键 词：柔性应变传感器 纺织结构 纤维 纱线 织物 智能纺织品 

分 类 号：TS101.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]