“地下理想家园”的营造——汉画像石农耕图功能新探  

Creating Underground Ideal Home: A New Exploration of the Function of the Farming Image Stone Reliefs from the Han Dynasty

作　　者：王加华[1] Wang Jiahua(Provincial Co-Construction and Collaborative Innovation Center of Confucian Civilization,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong,250100,China.)

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒家文明省部共建协同创新中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《古代文明（中英文）》2025年第1期84-93,M0005,M0006,共12页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国古代农耕图像的搜集、整理与研究”(项目批号:20&ZD218)资助。

摘　　要：作为汉代艺术的独特表现形式,画像石内容丰富,其中包含一些与农耕相关的图像。这些画像石农耕图,其性质并非技术图绘,而主要是一种丧葬用品,本质上同陶仓等丧葬明器一样,用来满足墓主在地下世界的需求。这一现象的出现与墓葬形制、丧葬习俗的变化紧密相关,又与灵魂不死、孝观念的变化与广泛传播有直接关系,而汉代精耕细作农业传统的初步定型与牛耕的普及,则为画像石农耕图的出现提供了基础。农事元素进入画像石与丧葬系统,与“农为天下之大本”的理念相互辉映,反映古代中华文明的农耕文明特质。As a unique artistic expression of the Han Dynasty,the subjects of images on the stone and brick reliefs are diversified,among them were the farming images.Rather than technical drawings,these farming related images were made particularly to meet the needs of the dead in the underground world.The emergence of this phenomenon is closely related to the changes of tomb and funeral customs,as well as the belief of immortality and filial piety.The formation of intensive cattle farming tradition during the Han Dynasty provided the basis for the creation of farming image drawing.Agricultural elements presented on the stone reliefs and funeral system reflected the characteristics of agricultural civilization of ancient China.

关 键 词：画像石 农耕图 随葬品 地下理想家园 

分 类 号：K879.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234[历史地理—历史学]