基于政治与文化的美国政治文本转喻研究  

On Metonymy in U.S.Political Texts from the Political and Cultural Perspective

作　　者：罗佳宇 Luo Jiayu(School of Foreign Studies,Zhongnan University of Economics and Laws,Wuhan,430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学外国语学院,武汉430073

出　　处：《语言与文化研究》2025年第1期254-257,共4页Language and Culture Research

基　　金：2024年中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项中研究生科研创新平台项目“认知语言学视域下中美政治话语的概念转喻研究——基于语料库的对比研究”(项目编号:202450808)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：政治文本是一种特殊的语言形式,政治文本语言常常反映一个国家在社会、政治、文化等多个层面的特点。本文以2022年美国拜登总统的国情咨文(State of the Union address)为语料库,以语料库中关于2022年初爆发的“俄乌军事冲突(Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022)”的转喻式表述为研究对象,结合政治语篇本身的文本特点,从社会和文化的角度深入研究这一特殊的转喻式表达背后的西方政治、社会和文化等方面特点。研究发现,语料库中关于“俄乌冲突”的转喻表达主要有两种:(1)Putin;(2)Putin’s war/aggression/attack,这两种转喻都属于“部分——整体”类型。这种特定的转喻式语言表达反映出以美国为首的西方世界的政治偏向与意识形态偏向、国家政体特点,以及以个人主义为核心的西方民族思维偏向。本研究为把握西方政治话语体系的语言特点提供了理论指导,有助于我们更全面地解读美国政治话语,做到知己知彼。Political text is a special form of language,which often reflects the characteristics of a country at multiple levels such as society,politics,and culture.This article takes President Biden’s State of the Union address in 2022 as the corpus,and focuses on the metonymic expression of the“Russian Ukrainian conflict in 2022”that erupted in early 2022.Combining the textual characteristics of political discourse,this article delves into the characteristics of Western politics behind this special metonymic expression from a social and cultural perspective.The study finds that there are two metonymic expressions of“Russia-Ukraine conflict”in the corpus:(1)Putin;(2)Putin’s war/aggression/attack,both of which belong to the“part-whole”type of metonymy.This specific metonymic expression reflects the Western political and ideological biases,national political characteristics,and national thinking biases centered on individualism hidden behind the Western world with the United States as its core.This study provides theoretical guidance for understanding the language characteristics of the Western political discourse system,which helps us to interpret American political discourse more comprehensively and know both ourselves and our adversaries.

关 键 词：政治话语分析 语言与思维 社会语言学 认知语言学 文化语言学 概念转喻 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]