《诗经》“风”义原始与《风》诗文体  

The Literal Sense of“Feng”in Shi Jing and the Style of Feng Poetry

作　　者：林训涛 LIN Xun-tao(School of Humanities,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学人文学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2025年第1期137-146,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“先秦史官书写活动与早期文体生成研究”(20BZW103)。

摘　　要：《诗经》分为风、雅、颂,体现了清晰的文体分类意识。从《毛诗大序》对“风”的定义和阐释出发,考察“风”的字形字义及其所具有的早期社会的文化意蕴,可认为“风”的本义是以容器(食器)又兼礼器的盘(槃)为基础而产生的具有两性关系及生殖方面文化意蕴的地方音乐。历代关于“风”义的说法诸如讽刺、风教、声调都是在本义基础上的引申义。“风”的本义对《诗经》中《风》诗文体的形成具有明显的作用:其一,通过“采诗”,“风”从“两性关系和生殖”的意义转变为“风教”的教化意义,进而形成《风》诗文体;其二,“风”的本义决定了《风》诗相较于《雅》《颂》在内容、功用及辞章结构上明显的文体区别。Shi Jing,also known as The Book of Poetry,embraces three sections namely Feng,Ya and Song,telling the author’s clear consciousness of literary genre classification.Based on the definition and interpretation of Feng from Mao Shi Da Xu,the preface to Shi Jing,a study on its character form and literal meaning as well as its cultural significance in early society concludes that the literal sense of Feng draws from a local music with sexual and reproductive cultural implications that rest on Pan,a ritual food vessel.Its interpretations in later dynasties such as satire,Feng Jiao,tone,etc.,are all derived from here.The literal sense of feng does shapes the style of Feng poetry in Shi Jing:firstly,through poetry collection,Feng transforms from“sexual relations and reproduction”to Feng Jiao,or moral enlightenment,thus shaping the style of Feng poetry;secondly,the literal sense of Feng determines the significant stylistic differences in content,function,and rhetorical structure between Feng poetry and Ya and Song.

关 键 词：《诗经》 风本义 风教 文体 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]