铁路空车动态调配优化  

Optimization of Dynamic Distribution of Empty Railcars

作　　者：林柏梁[1] 王振宇 钟文健 沈姚铭 李想 LIN Boliang;WANG Zhenyu;ZHONG Wenjian;SHEN Yaoming;LI Xiang(School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 1000044,China;Institute of Computing Technology,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第12期22-29,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1201402);国家自然科学基金(U2268207);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2022YJ356)。

摘　　要：作为铁路运输组织领域中的一个重要分支,铁路空车调配影响着车站的装车效率、货物列车正晚点运行等指标。结合列车运行图,构建一个非线性整数规划模型研究铁路空车的动态调配问题,同时考虑空车数量不足造成的装车延误。模型以空车走行里程和装车延误造成的损失最小化为目标函数,考虑空车流守恒、运行线运载能力、车站排空任务等约束。通过引入中间变量对模型中的非线性累加项进行处理,从而方便使用商业求解器进行精确求解。以一个设计的局域路网为背景进行算例分析,采用Python调用Gurobi 9.5.2版本对模型进行精确求解。算例结果表明,求解得到的空车调配方案可以很好地实现各车站之间的空车调配,进而验证所建模型的正确性和有效性。As an important field of railway transportation organization,empty railcar distribution affects the loading efficiency of the yards,and the departure time of freight trains.Based on the train scheduling,this paper constructed a nonlinear integer programming model to study the dynamic empty railcar distribution problem,while considering the loading delay caused by insufficient number of empty railcars.The objective function of the model is to minimize the traveling mileage of empty railcars and the losses caused by loading delay,considering the constraints including the balance of empty railcar flow,the carrying capacity of the train,and the discharge task of the yard.By introducing intermediate variables to deal with the nonlinear accumulation terms in the model,it is convenient to use commercial solvers to solve the model.At the end of the paper,an example analysis was conducted based on a local railway network,using Python to call Gurobi 9.5.2 version to accurately solve the model.The results show that the empty railcar distribution plan obtained by the solution can well guide the distribution of empty railcar between yards,which also verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the model.

关 键 词：铁路运输 车流组织 空车调配 货物列车运行图 整数规划 

分 类 号：U292.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]