2012—2022年北京市石景山区猩红热流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：周琳 朱一民 郭伟杰[1] 白云[1] 任丽君[1] ZHOU Lin;ZHU Yimin;GUO Weijie;BAI Yun;REN Lijun(Department of Epidemiology,Shijingshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市石景山区疾病预防控制中心流行病科,北京100043

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第12期1499-1504,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：北京市重大疫情防治重点专科项目(项目编号:京卫医[2021]135号)。

摘　　要：目的了解2012—2022年北京市石景山区猩红热的流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供参考依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法,对2012—2022年中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的北京市石景山区猩红热病例进行分析,使用WPS Office 2016和SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理和分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2012—2022年北京市石景山区共报告猩红热病例850例,年平均报告发病率为12.44/10万。2015年报告病例数(155例)及发病率(23.17/10万)最高,2020年报告病例数(5例)及发病率(0.88/10万)最低。发病具有明显季节性,4至6月和11月至次年1月为发病高峰期。3~8岁年龄段发病人数最多,为769例,占90.47%。职业分布以幼托儿童(54.00%)和学生(36.00%)为主。报告病例数最多的3个街道分别为苹果园街道(167例,占19.65%),八角街道(140例,占16.47%)和鲁谷街道(126例,占14.82%)。结论2012—2022年石景山区猩红热发病率总体呈波动下降趋势。3~8岁年龄段的幼托儿童和小学生为猩红热主要发病人群,在高发季节应加强托幼机构和小学的疫情监测和防控工作,防止暴发流行。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022,and to provide evidence for formulating effective prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the scarlet fever cases reported in the China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control from 2012 to 2022.WPS Office 2016 and SPSS 22.0 were used for data collation and analysis.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.The test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 850 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 12.44/105.The number of reported cases(155 cases)and the incidence rate(23.17/105)were the highest in 2015,while the number of reported cases(5 cases)and the incidence rate(0.88/105)were the lowest in 2020.The onset of scarlet fever had obvious seasonal characteristics,with peak periods from April to June and from November to January of the following year.The number of cases in the age group of 3-8 years old was the highest,with 769 cases,accounting for 90.47%.The dominating occupations were preschool children(54.00%)and students(36.00%).The top three streets with the number of reported cases were Pingguoyuan Street(167 cases,19.65%),Bajiao Street(140 cases,16.47%)and Lugu Street(126 cases,14.82%).Conclusions The incidence rate of scarlet fever in Shijingshan District from 2012 to 2022 showed a trend of decreasing.Preschool children and primary school students aged 3-8 years were the main groups of scarlet fever.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen disease monitoring and prevention and control work in childcare institutions and primary schools during high incidence seasons to prevent outbreaks.

关 键 词：猩红热 发病率 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R515.1[医药卫生—内科学]