2023年佳木斯市高中生结核病防治知识知晓率及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on awareness of tuberculosis and its influencing factors among high school students in Jiamusi City 2023

作　　者：刘翠玉 王艳旭 包利泽 包名家[1] 赵继民[1] 王鹏 冯丽影 王玉莹 潘宝山 孙岚 LIU Cuiyu;WANG Yanxu;BAO Lize;BAO Mingjia;ZHAO Jimin;WANG Peng;FENG Liying;WANG Yuying;PAN Baoshan;SUN Lan(Jiamusi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiamusi 154000,Heilongjiang Province,China;Jiamusi Primary and Secondary School Health Center,Jiamusi 154000,Heilongjiang Province,China;Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children′s Health,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省佳木斯市疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江佳木斯154000 [2]黑龙江省佳木斯市中小学卫生保健所,黑龙江佳木斯154000 [3]国家儿童医学中心·首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院,北京100045

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第12期1546-1550,1557,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(项目编号:20221212051169)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析佳木斯市高中生结核病防治知识知晓情况及影响因素,为学校开展结核病健康宣教工作提供依据。方法应用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,共抽取10所高中,2023年3月1日至4月28日期间通过问卷星(WJX,https://www.wjx.cn/)开展结核病防治知识线上调查,检验水准α=0.05,运用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析,采用多元线性回归模型分析高中生结核病防治知识知晓情况的影响因素。结果本次调查收回有效问卷1663份。高中生结核病防治总体知识知晓率为79.19%(19754/24945),其中“人体初次感染结核菌后,大多数人(90%)不会发病”知晓率最低为41.49%(690/1663);结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为86.07%(12882/14967),“结核病是严重危害人民群众身体健康的慢性传染病”知晓率最低为66.39%(1104/1663)。多元线性回归模型分析结果显示,与高一年级相比,高二、高三年级(β=-0.377,95%CI:-0.551~-0.202)知晓条目数较少(P<0.001);与1年内未参加相关健康教育的相比,参加相关健康教育者(β=0.789,95%CI:0.570~1.007)知晓条目数较多(P<0.001)。结论佳木斯市高中学生对结核病防治知识有一定了解,但对核心知识掌握程度不均衡,应有针对性的开展结核病宣教工作。Objective To investigate and analyze the knowledge and related factors of TB prevention and control among senior high school students,and to provide the basis for carrying out tuberculosis health publicity and education in schools.Methods A total of 10 senior high schools were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted by questionnaire Star(WJX,https://www.wjx.cn/)between March 1,2023 and April 28,2023.The test levelα=0.05 was used as the standard,and SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Multiple linear regression model was applied to analyze the factors on knowledge of TB prevention and control among senior high school students.Results Total 1663 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey.The overall awareness rate of TB prevention and control among high school students was 79.19%(19754/24945),and the lowest awareness rate of“most people(90%)will not get sick after the first infection of TB bacteria”was 41.49%(690/1663).The total awareness rate of the core knowledge of TB prevention and control was 86.07%(12882/14967),and the awareness rate of“tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease”was the lowest(66.39%)(1104/1663).The results of multiple linear regression model analysis showed that compared with grade One,the number of items known in grade two and grade three(β=-0.377,95%CI:-0.551~-0.202)was less(P<0.001).Compared with those who had not received relevant health education within 1 year,the number of items known by participating in health education(β=0.789,95%CI:0.570~1.007)was higher(P<0.001).Conclusions High school students in Jiamusi city have a certain knowledge of TB prevention and control,but their mastery of the core knowledge is uneven,and TB education should be carried out pertinently.

关 键 词：结核病 知晓率 学生 影响因素 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R521[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]