2019—2022年广元市市政供水中砷和三氯甲烷含量分析及健康风险评估  

Content analysis and health risk assessment of arsenic and chloroform in municipal water of Guangyuan City from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：许东海[1] 陆建伟[1] 赵斌[1] 谭学蓉[1] 杨容 苟薇妮 XU Donghai;LU Jianwei;ZHAO Bin;TAN Xuerong;YANG Rong;GOU Weini(Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangyuan 628000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广元市疾病预防控制中心,四川广元628000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第12期1565-1571,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析引入白龙江作为水源水后广元市市政供水中砷和三氯甲烷的含量水平和分布规律,并评估其产生的健康风险。方法收集2019—2022年广元市1789份水样中砷和三氯甲烷的监测数据,分析其在不同类型、不同水期和不同地区的含量水平,并运用美国环保署推荐的健康风险模型评估其经饮水途径对人群产生的健康风险。多组水样数据用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验比较,两组水样数据用Mann-Whitney U检验比较,检验水准α=0.05。结果1789份水样中砷和三氯甲烷的含量(中位数)分别为0.00070 mg/L和0.00542 mg/L,合格率分别为99.94%和99.72%,致癌风险分别为2.93×10^(-5)和4.69×10^(-6),非致癌风险分别为0.0652和0.0151。不同类型水样中,砷和三氯甲烷含量分布均为二次供水>管网末梢水>出厂水;不同水期水样中,砷和三氯甲烷含量分布均为丰水期>平水期>枯水期;不同地区水样中,砷含量分布为朝天区>利州区>昭化区,三氯甲烷含量分布为利州区>朝天区>昭化区。结论2019—2022年广元市市政供水中砷和三氯甲烷的致癌风险均超过美国环保署推荐的低风险水平,应密切关注。二次供水中砷和三氯甲烷含量高于出厂水和管网末梢水,应加强管理。白龙江对广元市市政供水中砷和三氯甲烷的影响较小,但利州区、昭化区和朝天区水样中砷和三氯甲烷含量差异具有统计学意义且水源均为地表水,应持续监测并评估。Objective To analyze the content and distribution of arsenic and chloroform in municipal water of Guangyuan City after the introduction of Bailong river as the source water,and to evaluate the health risks caused by them.Methods The monitoring data of arsenic and chloroform in 1789 water samples from Guangyuan City from 2019 to 2022 were collected and analyzed the levels of arsenic and chloroform in different types,different water periods and different regions,and the health risk model which recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency was used to assess the health risk to the population through drinking water routes.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to compare the data of multiple groups of water samples,and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the data of two groups of water samples,with the test levelα=0.05.Results The contents(median)of arsenic and chloroform in 1789 water samples were 0.00070 mg/L and 0.00542 mg/L pass rates were 99.94%and 99.72%,respectivley.Carcinogenic risk was 2.93×10^(-5) and 4.69×10^(-6),non-carcinogenic risk was 0.0652 and 0.0151.In different types of water samples,the contents of arsenic and trichloromethane were in the order of secondary water supply>tap water>finished water.The arsenic and chloroform contents in water samples of different water periods were in the order of wet season>level season>dry season.In the water samples from different regions,the content of arsenic content was in the order of Chaotian District>Lizhou District>Zhaohua District,and those of chloroform content was Lizhou District>Chaotian District>Zhaohua District.Conclusions The carcinogenic risks of arsenic and chloroform in municipal water of Guangyuan city from 2019 to 2022 both exceed the low risk level recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency and that should be closely monitored.The contents of arsenic and chloroform in secondary water supply were higher than those in finished water and tap water,so the management should be strengthened.The Bailong river had little effect

关 键 词：市政供水 砷 三氯甲烷 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学]