L波段连续波磁控管的效率优化  

Efficiency Optimization of an L-band Continuous-wave Magnetron

作　　者：姚昉[1] 黎深根[1] 武朝辉 殷进 王加松[1] 贺亚同 YAO Fang;LI Shen-gen;WU Zhao-hui;YIN Jin;WANG Jia-song;HE Ya-tong(Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]北京真空电子技术研究所,北京100015

出　　处：《真空电子技术》2024年第6期81-85,共5页Vacuum Electronics

摘　　要：在某L波段连续波磁控管的研制过程中,出现了阳极电流偏高,寄生电流过大,效率大幅偏低于理论计算值的现象。磁控管的工作机理由交感空间电子云、阴极以及谐振腔三者之间互相依存,互相制约[1],使得提升磁控管效率是个复杂的问题。文章采取微调磁感强度、磁钢表面镀膜,改善钍钨阴极碳化处理工艺这两种措施,优化了磁控管的电子效率;采取改变天线输出段末端结构的方法,降低天线与波导激励腔之间的外观品质因数Qe,优化了磁控管的回路效率。使该连续波磁控管的电子效率先提高了10.6%,再优化回路效率使磁控管总效率提高了6.4%,保证了该连续波磁控管在4 kV工作电压条件下,输出功率1350 W,阳极电流由596 mA下降至465 mA,总效率由最初的55.8%大幅提高至72.6%。In the development process of an L-band continuous-wave magnetron,it is found that the anode current is relatively high,the parasitic current is excessively high,and the efficiency is much lower than the theo-retical calculation value.In the operation of a magnetron,the sympathetic space electron cloud,cathode,and resonant cavity are interdependent and mutually restrictive,making the efficiency improvement a complex prob-lem.Two measures are taken to optimize the electronic efficiency of the magnetron,including fine-tuning the magnetic induction intensity by surface coating on magnet steel and improving the carbonization process of the thorium tungsten cathode.By changing the end structure of the antenna output section,the appearance quality factor Qe between the antenna and the waveguide excitation cavity is reduced,and the circuit efficiency of the magnetron is optimized.On the basis of a 10.6%increase in electronic efficiency,further circuit efficiency opti-mization results in a 6.4%increase in the overall efficiency of the continuous-wave magnetron.The continuous-wave magnetron has an output power of 1350 W at a working voltage of 4 kV.The anode current decreases from 596 mA to 465 mA,and the overall efficiency increases significantly from the initial 55.8%to 72.6%.

关 键 词：连续波磁控管 效率 钍钨阴极 碳化 

分 类 号：TN123[电子电信—物理电子学]